THE BUSINESS OF THE FOREST, 183 



at every step what he sees, or else he would forget it 

 before he could reach home. But of what use is it to note 

 down what he sees on a particular spot, unless he knows 

 where that spot is and can send a man there, if he wants 

 to do so? This means, then, that he should survey it 

 first and establish some marks in the woods. Then he 

 examines and estimates or measures the timber and 

 describes his land. But after he has a map and descrip- 

 tion, to have it orderly he must keep it in some kind of 

 book, arranged in some definite order. Here the book- 

 keeping begins, for this survey and this examination cost 

 some money, which he must charge against his forest. 

 Then he wants to manage this forest. 



We will suppose he decides to treat it as a selection 

 forest, and suppose also that he can sell the wood and 

 timber, and wishes to use his forest to furnish work for 

 teams and outfit, and also for his men, whether tenants 

 or neighbors. In this case he will wish to do some log- 

 ging, perhaps, every winter ; and he will need, about every 

 ten years, to return to each part of his woods to make 

 sure that it is properly cleaned and thinned. He would 

 have to log over about two hundred acres a year, and this 

 would be a considerable business in itself. To do this he 

 would need a foreman, better a forester, and a small crew 

 of men, and considerable bookkeeping would be necessary 

 to keep his accounts in proper order. But to handle a 

 foreman and crew means administration; to survey, 



