SPECIAL KINDS OF FORESTS 191 



now use portable sawmills, just as they use threshing 

 machines, thus cutting not only the lumber and timber 

 for home use, but sawing timber for railways, wagon 

 makers, furniture makers, and other consumers. 



In cases where the lumber and timber is not sold 

 beforehand it should be piled and covered in the best 

 possible way, for it is usually through careless handling 

 that the lumber of small mills becomes less acceptable 

 and has to be sold at lower prices. 



An illustration of what may be done by careful, systematic 

 management is shown in the following particularly inter- 

 esting case of timber exploitation, in no feature imaginary 

 or theoretical, but actually carried out a few years ago. 



Forty-three acres of well-stocked rough timber land in 

 eastern Pennsylvania were bought for $5800, together 

 with forty-eight acres of improved farm land, for which 

 $2500 additional was paid. A portable second-hand mill 

 was purchased for $ 1000 ; mill shed and shanties were 

 erected, and this outlay, together with all the wages 

 (nearly $4000) and cost of hauling, railway and canal 

 freights (little over $4000), brought up the total outlay, 

 land included, to $18,855. As the mill was at once set 

 in operation, some income was derived from the first, thus 

 obviating the necessity of considering the interest on the 

 several expense accounts. 



The following represents the cut from these forty-three 

 acres made in just two years, with only the partial 



