256 FIRST BOOK OF FORESTRY 



2. Leaves opposite. 



a. Ashes. Rough-barked trees, with the leaflets of their 



leaves entire or toothed and the singularly shaped 

 winged fruit in persistent clusters (Fig. 98, B). 



b. Box Elder. This tree is really one of the maples, 



has a typical maple fruit which clings to the twigs 

 all through winter, but has a compound leaf, con- 

 sisting of three to five, toothed or notched leaflets 

 (Fig. 98, .4). _ 



B. The compound leaf palmate, its leaflets arranged like the 

 fingers of the hand. 



Buckeye or Horse- Chestnut, well illustrated by the 

 common European horse-chestnut, whose large buds 

 and large, smooth chestnut-brown nut inside of a 

 prickly bur are familiar to every one (Fig. 108 C). 



How TO USE THE KEY 



It is early fall ; the leaves are still on our broad-leaved 

 trees. Here is a tree ; what may be its name ? Let us 

 get a twig and examine it. It has simple, toothed leaves ; 

 they are alternate (not in pairs), there is no fruit, the bark 

 of the tree is dark and rough, the twigs are tough. Let 

 us glance over our Key. 



Evidently it belongs to the broad-leaved trees, and to 

 the first group under I, A, 1. 



Were it beech, chestnut, sycamore, basswood, or birch, 

 we should find some fruit on or under the tree. 



