266 FIRST BOOK OF FORESTRY 



b. Hard pines. 



1. LONGLEAF PINE (Pinus palustris) (Georgia pine, yellow pine, long 



straw pine, etc.) : Large tree ; forms extensive forests and fur- 

 nishes the hardest and strongest pine lumber in the market. 

 Coast region from North Carolina to Texas. 



2. YELLOW PINE (Pinus ponderosa) : Medium- to very large-sized 



tree, forming extensive forests in the Pacific and Rocky Mountain 

 regions ; furnishes most of the hard pine of the West ; sapwood 

 wide ; wood very variable. 



3. LOBLOLLY PINE (Pinus tceda} (shortleaf pine, old field pine, rose- 



mary pine, sap pine, etc.) : Large-sized tree, forms extensive 

 forests ; wider ringed, coarser, lighter, softer, with more sapwood 

 than the longleaf pine, but the two often confounded. This is 

 the common lumber pine from Virginia to South Carolina, and 

 is found extensively in Arkansas and Texas, Southern States 

 and Virginia to Texas and Arkansas. 



4. NORWAY PINE (Pinus resinosa) : Large-sized tree, usually scattered 



or in small groves, together with white pine ; largely sapwood 

 and hence not durable. Minnesota to Michigan, also New 

 England to Pennsylvania. 



5. SHORTLEAF PINE (Pinus echinata) (North Carolina pine, yellow 



pine, etc.) : Resembles loblolly pine ; often approaches in its 

 wood the Norway pine. The common lumber pine of Missouri 

 and Arkansas. North Carolina to Texas and Missouri. 



6. CUBAN PINE (Pinus cubensis) (slash pine) : Resembles longleaf 



pine, but commonly has wider sapwood and coarser grain ; does 

 not enter the markets to any great extent. Along the coast from 

 South Carolina to Louisiana. 



7. BULL PINE (Pinus jeffreyi) (black pine) : Large-sized tree, tree 



and wood resembling yellow pine (Pinus ponderosa) ; used locally 

 in California, replacing Pinus ponderosa at high altitudes. 

 The following are small- to medium-sized pines known generally as 



jack pines, not commonly offered as lumber in the market ; used locally 



for timber, ties, etc. : 



8. JACK PINE (Pinus murrayana) (lodge-pole pine, black pine, white 



pine, tamarack) : Rocky Mountains and Pacific regions. 



