INDEX 



Acid, wood, 142 ; factory, 142. 



Age of trees and how to read it, 8. 



Animals, protection against larger 

 ones, 130; grazing animals, 131, 

 178; game animals, 180; see 

 'Insects, 115. 



Annual or yearly rings in wood, 217. 



Artificial method of starting a young 

 growth by seeding and planting, 

 76 ; use of this method in our coun- 

 try, 76; in Europe, 76; advantages 

 of method, 77 ; nursery work, 

 78; gathering and care of seed, 

 79 ; seedlings, 85 ; planting, 87 ; 

 artificial sowing of tree seeds in 

 the woods, 90 ; starting of willow's, 

 poplars (cottonwoods, etc.), from 

 cuttings, 92 ; where planting 

 should be done, 92 ; method criti- 

 cised, 93 ; objections, 93 ; where 

 it pays and how it pays, 94. 



Ash,, how to distinguish, 256 ; the 

 wood, different kinds and where 

 they grow, 268. 



Aspen, see Poplar, 246, 279. 



Balsam, how to distinguish the trees, 

 244 ; the wood, 263 ; distribution, 

 263 ; different kinds, 263. 



Bark beetles, 120. 



Basswood, how to distinguish, 246 ; 

 the wood, different kinds and 

 where they occur, 269. 



Beech, how to distinguish, 246 ; its 

 w r ood and its uses, 269. 



Birch, how to distinguish the tree, 

 246 ; the wood, the different kinds 

 'and their distribution, 270. 



Bird's-eye structure in wood, 226. 



Black walnut, see Walnut, 254,281. 



Blazes on trees, how they heal and 

 what they tell, 10. 



Blue beech, 270. 



Bois d'arc, see Osage orange, 279. 



Border of the woods, 1. 



Broad-leaved trees, see Hardwoods, 

 246. 



Buckeye, in the Key to different 

 kinds, 256 ; its wood and occur- 

 rence, 270. 



Burn, a tract of burned-over forest 

 land, see Fire, 104. 



Business of the forest, 182 ; simple for 

 small wood lot, increases in com- 

 plexity with size, 183; requires 

 survey, mapping, description ; this 

 leads to forest management; the 

 employment of men leads to forest 



283 



