GROWTH OF INSECTS. 



81 



maggot, and in other insects the same conditions are known 

 by the name of borer, grub-worm, and many other terms. If 

 the pupil learns that all these various names describe a simi- 

 lar stage in the lives of these insects, it is much more con- 

 venient to have some general term describing all these stages, 

 such as larva, or larval stage. 



77. While most insects pass through changes similar to 

 those above described, there are others, such as the grass- 

 hoppers, crickets, roaches, and bugs proper (a group of in- 

 sects which includes the squash-bug, chinch-bug, and bed- 

 bug, all of which have a disagreeable taste and odor, and 

 to which naturalists restrict the name of bug), which do not 

 pass through a caterpillar and chrysalis state. The young 

 hatch from the egg, and closely resemble the adult insect, 



FIG. 81. DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE CHINCH-BUG: a, Egg; &, Newly -batched Larva; c, Larva 

 after First Moult; d, Larva after Second Moult; e, Pupa; /, Perfect Insect. 



[These figures are copied from the Seventh Annual Report of C. V. RILEY, 

 State Entomologist of Missouri.] 



except that it has no wings, and is of course much smaller 

 than the parent. In its growth it moults or sheds its skin, 

 and each moult reveals its wings more advanced in growth, 



