UNIVERSITY 



OF 



FRUITS 



169 



berry the fruit adheres to the torus, and the two are re- 

 moved together when the fruit is picked. 



Accessory Fruits. When the pericarp and some other 

 part grow together, the fruit is said to be accessory or 

 reenforced. An example is the straw- 

 berry (Fig. 245). The edible part is a 

 greatly enlarged torus, and the pericarps 

 are akenes embedded in it. These akenes 

 are commonly called seeds. 



Various kinds of reenforced fruits have 

 received special names. One of these is 

 the hip, characteristic of roses. In this 

 case, the torus is deep and hollow, like an 

 urn, and the separate akenes are borne 

 inside it. The mouth of the receptacle 

 may close, and the walls sometimes become fleshy ; the 

 fruit may then be mistaken for a berry. The fruit of the 

 pear, apple, and quince is known as a 



FIG. 245. STRAW- 

 BERRY; fleshy 



torus in which akenes 

 are embedded. 



FIG. 246. SECTION OF 

 AN APPLE. 



FIG. 247. CROSS-SECTION 

 OF AN APPLE. 



pome. In this case the five united carpels are completely 

 buried in the hollow torus, and the torus makes most of 

 the edible part of the ripe fruit, while the pistils are repre- 

 sented by the core (Fig. 246). Observe the sepals on the 

 top of the torus (apex of the fruit) in Fig. 246. Note 

 the outlines of the embedded pericarp in Fig. 247. 



