146 



ANIMAL BIOLOGY 



and death from blood being withdrawn from brain. Al- 

 ways two punctures, the closer together the smaller the 

 snake. Remedies: Ligature between wound and heart, 

 lance wound and suck ; inject into wound three drops of I 

 per cent solution of chromic acid or potassium perman- 

 ganate. Give strychnine, hypodermically, until strychnine 

 symptoms (twitchings) appear. If symptoms of collapse 

 recur, repeat dose. Digitalin or caffein acts like strych- 

 nine ; alcohol has opposite effect. 



Protective Coloration and Mimicry. When an animal 

 imitates the color or form of its inanimate surroundings it 



is said to be protectively col- 

 ored or formed. Give an 

 instance of protective col- 

 oration or form among 

 lizards ; butterflies ; grass- 

 hoppers; amphibians; echi- 

 noderms. When an animal imitates the color or form of 

 another animal it is said to mimic the animal. Mimicry 

 usually enables an animal to deceive 

 enemies into mistaking it for an ani- 

 mal which for some reason they avoid. 

 The milkweed butterfly has a taste 

 that is repulsive to birds. The vice- 

 roy butterfly is palatable to birds, but 

 it is left untouched because of its 

 close resemblance to the repulsive 

 milkweed butterfly. The harlequin 

 snake (Elaps) of the Gulf states is the 

 only deadly snake of North America 

 (Figs. 277, 278). It is very strikingly colored with rings of 

 scarlet, yellow, and black. This is an example of warning 

 coloration. The coral snake (Lampropeltis) has bands of 



FIG. 276. " GLASS SNAKE," a lizard 

 without legs. 



FIG. 277. SKULL OF 



ELAPS. See colored 



Fig. 5- 



FIG. 278. = SKULL OF 

 LAMPROPELTIS. 



