CONTENTS. XI 



PAGB 



Niagara. Excitability of the Electric Ether occupying the 

 Spaces between Particles of Water and of other Substances. 

 Vibration of Particles of Water. Vibration of Steam. Vi- 

 bration of Air. Source of Wind and of Water Power. 



CHAPTER XVIII. 



THE SOLID, LIQUID, AND AERIFORM CONDITIONS OF 

 MATTER DETERMINED BY THE EXTENT OF ITS MOLEC- 

 ULAR VIBRATION 157 



The Mechanical Force of seven hundred and seventy-two Foot- 

 pounds excites one Degree of Heat in a Pound of Water. 

 Molecular Vibration, constituting Heat, considered as an 

 Equivalent of Mechanical Action in Foot-pounds. Latent 

 Heat of Steam. To convert one Pound of Ice into Steam 

 requires thirty Horse-power. Sudden Disappearance of Heat 

 from condensing Steam explained. Electricity in Steamy 

 Vapors. 



CHAPTER XIX. 



MATTER. THE AXIAL AND ORBITAL FORCE OF THE 

 REVOLVING PLANETS, TRANSMITTED BY THE UNIVERSAL 

 ETHER, is MODIFIED BY THE MECHANISMS OF SIXTY-SIX 

 KINDS OF ELEMENTARY MOLECULES 166 



Molecules are Machines. Table of Elementary Substances and 

 of their Chemical Equivalents. Relative Weights and Volumes 

 of Molecules. Molecular Attractions and Repulsions. Mo- 

 lecular Polarizations. Classification and descriptive Nomen- 

 clature of Molecules. Their Ancient Classification. 



CHAPTER XX. 



FUNCTIONS OF MOLECULES OF OXYGEN, CARBON, HYDRO- 

 GEN, AND NITROGEN AS ELECTRICAL MACHINES . . . 175 



Molecules of Oxygen pre-eminent for Quantity and Power of devel- 

 oping Electro-magnetic Unions and Separations. Molecules 

 of Carbon next in Importance to those of Oxygen ; their pecu- 

 liar Functions. Carbonization during Geological Eras Mol- 

 ecules of Hydrogen rarely found pure in a Natural State. 

 Allied with Oxygen and Carbon it imparts a wonderful Diver- 

 sity of Properties. Its relation to Acids and Alkaloids. 

 Explosive in union with Chlorine. Molecules of Nitrogen 



