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were used. When closely pressed the birds used their wings to 

 advantage in increasing their speed. Mr. Ralph H. Holman, 

 Wellesley Hills, Massachusetts, makes note of an occurrence 

 in the autumn of about 1890, when he saw a Pied-billed Grebe 

 in Lake Quinsigamond, Worcester, Massachusetts. The wings 

 were about half spread and used with quick strokes. Mr. 

 David H. Scott, Iowa City, Iowa, reports that in the fall of 

 1918, at Emmetsburg, Iowa, he saw a Pied-billed Grebe swim- 

 ming beneath a bridge on which he was standing. The bird 

 was in clear water and only two or three feet below the surface. 

 According to his notes of observation the wings were not over 

 half extended, and they beat very fast in short, quick strokes. 

 Both wings and feet were used, the feet alternating as in 

 walking. A beat of the wings seemed to go with each stroke 

 of a foot, the feet moving more slowly in comparison to the 

 wings. 



Mr. Robert O. Morris, the well-known ornithologist of 

 Springfield, Massachusetts, writes that he saw a Pied-billed 

 Grebe, which spent a number of weeks in small ponds in Forest 

 Park, Springfield, and became quite tame. Apparently it used 

 its wings under water. Mr. Scott Harrison, Lawrenceville, 

 Illinois, says he has seen Pied-billed Grebes with wings spread 

 under water, but did not note how the wings were used. Mr. 

 Charles L. Phillips, Taunton, Massachusetts, found a Pied- 

 billed Grebe on October 10, 1885, at Dighton, Massachusetts, 

 concealed under a bank of a small stream. Upon his quiet 

 approach the bird swam out under water. As it swam away, 

 the wings were about half extended, and were used in short, 

 quick strokes apparently in unison with the feet. It moved 

 very fast in two or three feet of water. Mr. George L. Fordyce, 

 Youngstown, Ohio, reports that he was in a boat approaching a 

 narrow inlet to a small bay in which was a Pied-billed Grebe. 

 The Grebe dived and as Mr. Fordyce rose in the boat, he saw 

 the bird swim beneath, using its wings and moving fast. He-saw 

 no motion of the feet, but the wings seemed to be used much 

 as a swimmer uses his arms, although not so rapidly as in 

 flight. Mr. Edward S. Butler, Baines, Louisiana, in 1918, 

 observed a Pied-billed Grebe swimming under water in a creek 

 near his home. He says, "I think the wings were fully spread 



