NEUROPTERA I EPHEMERIDJE. 



451 



Stone-Fly, Pt. regalis, Newman. 

 Reduced one half. 



comprises neuroptera which are oblong, depressed, with 

 very long and many-jointed Fig. 347 . 



antennae, and the abdomen 

 furnished with two long ar- 

 ticulated appendages. In 

 the larva and pupa state 

 they are found in streams 

 under stones, and are ac- 

 tive. 



The Genus Pteronarcys 

 retains its branchiae of the 

 larval state. Perla shows 

 disparity between the sexes, the females being the smaller. 



EPHEMERID.E, Latr., OR MAY -FLY FAMILY. This 

 Family comprises very short-lived neuroptera which have 

 the body long, slender, soft, the wings of very unequal 

 size, antennae minute, mouth-parts obsolete, and the ab- 

 domen with long articulated appendages. Though these 

 insects live only for a few hours or a day in the perfect 

 state, their existence in the larva and semi-pupa state 

 extends through two or three years, and all this time 

 they live in water. The larvae have long antennae, man- 

 dibles for chewing, ciliated filaments along the sides of 

 the body for breathing, and three Fig. 34 s. 



caudal appendages. When about to 

 go through their final changes, the 

 pupae crawl to the surface, cast off 

 the pupa-skin, and appear at first 

 sight to be fully developed, with the 

 wings expanded to the full size ; this 

 is the sub-imago state ; they then 

 fly with difficulty to the shore, affix 

 themselves to plants and trees, and May-Fly, Ephemera. 

 cast off a very delicate pellicle. After this the wings are 

 brighter, and the tails greatly increase in length. May- 



