262 TURNSTONE. 



mass ; the wings are dark brownish -black, the 

 secondaries with a broad white tip forming a bar 

 across the wing, the base of the outer webs of 

 the last quills are also white, showing a triangular 

 spot adjoining to the bar ; the shafts of the quills 

 are broad, and are light coloured in the centre, 

 darker at the base, losing themselves in the same 

 colour as the feathers towards the tip; the tail 

 is tipped with white, is then crossed by a broad 

 dark band, and is again white at the base, the latter 

 colour being greater in extent as the feathers reach 

 the outside, and on the last the bar is not more than 

 half an inch in breadth ; the upper tail-coyerts lie 

 over the tail, so as to conceal the whole of the basal 

 white, and make it appear entirely dark with a 

 white tip; the feet and legs are bright orpiment 

 orange. 



In the young of the year the upper parts, with 

 the exception of the lower part of the back, rump, 

 and upper tail-coverts, are dark hair-brown, the 

 tips and edges of the feathers paler, tinged with 

 yellowish ; below, all the dark parts of the neck and 

 breast are similarly coloured, and the quills and 

 tail are of a browner shade ; the legs dull yellow. 

 Among the small parties which are met with, how- 

 ever, birds of intermediate shade occur, and may 

 be seen with every gradation of change, from the 

 adult to the less marked state of the young. 



