SMEW. 177 



bands, the one upon and more than half across the 

 breast, the other about an inch farther back ; sca- 

 pulary feathers white, bordered on their outer web 

 with a narrow edge of black, large tertials grey, 

 secondaries and greater covers deep black tipped 

 with white, upper tail-covers and tail grey. The 

 female in distribution of colour resembles the other 

 birds of the genus ; the head, nape, and back of the 

 neck are chestnut red, darker under and between 

 the eye and the bill where the male has the black 

 spot; on the crown and occiput the feathers are 

 elongated, and on the last are separated and some- 

 what hackled ; the chin, throat, and upper part of 

 the back, white ; the lower part of the neck, sides, 

 and upper parts of the breast and flanks, grey ; 

 lower breast, belly, and vent, pure white ; the back, 

 scapulars, tertials, quills, and tail, blackish grey, on 

 the back with a tint of brown ; middle part of the 

 lesser wing-covers white, secondaries and greater 

 wing- covers deep black; the last secondary grey, ha- 

 ving the outer web white, bordered with the tint of 

 black. The young males of the year nearly equal 

 the adults in size, but in plumage resemble the fe- 

 male, that of the head is a clearer reddish brown, and 

 without so much elongation behind ; the secondaries 

 and greater covers are a deeper black, and the white 

 tips are conspicuous. 



THE GOOSANDER, MERGUS MERGANSER. Mer- 

 gus merganser, male; M. castor, female, of authors. 



M 



