FRANCIS WILLUGHBY. 87 



of them to the wells at Astrop, who, directing 

 me to the place where I got them, I have found 

 great plenty in the trunk of a dead willow. 

 Beginning to unfold some of them, Mr Wray 

 immediately judged them to be made up of pieces 

 of rose leaves, and called to mind, that this very 

 spring a worthy friend of his, Mr Francis Jessop, 

 brought him a rose leaf, out of which himself saw 

 a bee bite such a piece, and fly away with it in 

 her mouth. 



" Thereupon, searching the rose leaves there- 

 about, we found a great many leaves with such 

 pieces broken out of them as these cartrages are 

 made up of, some of which I sent you enclosed in 

 my last. 



" The cuniculi or holes never cross the grain 

 of the wood, excepting where the bee comes in, 

 and where they open one into another. From 

 the place of entrance they are wrought both 

 downwards and upwards, so that sometimes the 

 bee-maggot lies under her food, and sometimes 

 above it. One end of the cartrage namely, 

 that which is next the entrance is always a little 

 concave ; the other end, which is farther from the 

 entrance, a little convex, and is received into the 

 concave of the next beyond it. The sides of the 

 cartrages are made up of oblong pieces of leaves, 

 and pasted together ; the ends of round ones ; 

 and whenever they do not lie close one to 

 another, the intermediate space is filled up with* 

 a multitude of these little rounded pieces laid one 

 upon another. The cartrages contain a pap or 



