14 Lessons in Nature Study. 



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LESSONS ON LEASES, PLANTS, AND FRUITS. 



A. FRUITS. 

 I. The Apple. 



The apple is a type of core fruits. Apples are so com- 

 mon that they are admirable as objects for lessons. An- 

 other advantage in using the apple is that it is to be had all 

 the year round. 



The First Lesson. Attend first to the external descrip- 

 tion, shape, size, color, texture of the skin, stem-end, blow- 

 end, etc. 



In the winter apples often feel quite greasy, due to the 

 presence of a sort of oil or wax in the rind. The stem has 

 a woody texture. The blow-end has the remains of last 

 spring's blossom. The various kinds of apples have obvi- 

 ous differences. If, in getting your supply for the lesson, 

 you ask the children to bring each one an apple, there will 

 often be found to be a great variety on hand. 



Second Lesson. Half of the pupils may cut their apples 

 from top to bottom exactly through the centre of the core. 

 The other half of the class may cut theirs exactly through 

 the centre from side to side. This will present the inside 

 of the apple in two sections. Now have each pupil give 

 one half his own apple to a pupil who has cut his in the op- 

 posite direction. Each child will now have two half-apples, 

 one cut up and down, and the other from right to left, 

 through the centre. 



Study each section ; the thickness of skin, color, texture. 



