The Butterfly. 65 



Which ones are yellow ? Which blue ? How many rows 

 of spots on the front pair ? On the back pair ? How many 

 rings in the abdomen ? Notice the black dust on the wings. 

 Look at it with a glass. See the long tongue. How long 

 are the tails on the wings ? Look at the little toes. Draw 

 the head : i, front view ; 2', side view. Draw the scales. 

 Are the scales all alike ? Are they alike on all parts of the 

 insect ? Draw the front wings. See the veins running 

 through them. Draw the hind wings. 



CONTRAST. How do butterflies differ from beetles ? i 

 front wings ; 2, hind wings ; 3, antennae (horns or feelers) 

 4> l e g s > 5> s i ze '> 6, color ; 7, manner of flying ; 8, food 

 9, the way they use their wings ; 10, manner of creeping 

 n, shape of the joints of their legs ; 12, covering of wings. 



COMPARISON. Wherein are butterflies like beetles? i, 

 number of parts of body ; 2, made of rings ; 3, number of 

 legs ; 4, attachment of legs ; 5, number of wings ; 6, com- 

 pound eyes. 



By such a lesson as this the characteristics which belong 

 to insects as such are brought out, and the distinctions be- 

 tween the shell-winged (coleoptera) and scaly-winged insects 

 (lepidoptera) is also brought out in such a way that the 

 child can easily see that these creatures, so different in some 

 respects, are very similar in others. It is thus that real 

 scientific work is done, and the child acquires scientific 

 habits of thought, and at the same time he is developing 

 material for language- and number-work. 



Language Lesson. This is a butterfly. The butterfly 

 is black. A baby butterfly is a caterpillar. My butterfly 

 came from a green caterpillar. The caterpillar had a green 

 and black dress. There were yellow spots on the green 

 dress. He ate green leaves then. The black dust came off 

 his wings. He has two horns. The horns have knobs and 

 little hooks on them. His eyes are very big. This butter- 

 fly has a long tongue. He eats honey with it. 



Number Lesson. i. 12 rings 2 rings = 10 rings. 



2. 2 wings -f- 2 wings = 4 wings. 



