NATURAL AND CIVIL HISTORY OF THE VINE. 19 



Latin words, however, are derived from a Greek word 

 signifying to bind. Dr. Whittaker, in a work published 

 in 1638, entitled, "The Tree of Human Life, or the 

 Blood of the Grape," expresses his opinion that the 

 name vinum is derived a vi from its strength, or, per- 

 haps quasi divinum, because it is a species of the tree 

 of life in Paradise. 



The species of the genus vitis are numerous, though 

 botanists are not agreed as to the distinctive differ- 

 ences, especially as between the European and Ameri- 

 can sorts. In France, Chaptal, when Minister of the 

 Interior, caused 1,400 different varieties of the vine to 

 be collected in the garden of the Luxembourg, and 

 under his direction M. Champagny described as dis- 

 tinct 550 different kinds. Four American species 

 have been usually numbered (some authors describe 

 eight), though the varieties, more or less distinctly- 

 marked, probably exceed 300. To the number of the; 

 latter, however, there is no limit, as every seed may/ 

 produce a new variety. 



The vine lives to a great age and attains a greafr 

 size. Pliny mentions a vine which had lived for 600^ 

 years, and' in Italy, vineyards have continued iir 

 bearing for 300 years, while in some pBrts of thafe 

 country, a vineyard of 100 years is- still accounted' 

 young. 



Its size, whether we regard the European o? Ame- 



