332 APPENDIX II. 



The trellis thus arranged presents the following advantages. 

 In scorched and dry soils, the stocks and the horizontal branches 

 arranged in the manner previously described suffer much from the 

 heat of the sun, from which they are very imperfectly shaded by 

 their leaves. In the trellis with alternate shoots the main stalks 

 are completely covered. These cordons may therefore be usefully 

 employed in dry soils. Besides, these cordons are suitable for 

 the most confined space, since they require only 28 inches. 



But this vertical cordon cannot be conveniently applied 

 against a high wall, for as the sap tends toward the top of the 

 plant, the shoots toward its base become feeble and languishing. 

 We have remarked this fact at Fontainebleau, where the wall 

 which supports these cordons is 13 feet high. It is our opinion 

 that the main stem should not be allowed to exceed 80 inches. If 

 the wall is higher, the following modification (Fig. 74) may be 

 used, equally due to M. Rose Charmeux. For a wall 13 feet high 

 the stocks are planted only every 14 inches ; then the stalk of 

 each is allowed to rise alternately to 66.4 inches and to 13 feet'; 

 but the latter commence to bear shoots only directly above the 

 point where the first cease that is to say at 66.4. In this 

 manner the wall is completely covered and the cultivator has 

 not to dread the destruction of the lower shoots. 



The trellis with vertical cordons which we have just de- 

 scribed is simpler and more easily formed than those with 

 horizontal cordons ; but experience has shown that its produce 

 is less abundant, since for an equal surface it offers a smaller 

 number of branches. 



M. Rose Charmeux, struck by the advantages offered by the 

 simplicity of this arrangement, has attempted to render it as 

 fruitful as the horizontal cordons. He completely resolved the 

 problem in 1828 by means of the following modification, which 

 gives for the same surface of wall a greater number of shoots, 

 and consequently a greater number of clusters. As this new 

 arrangement is at once more simple, and more easily obtained 

 than the others, and as it may be accommodated to walls of all 

 heights, we recommend it to the exclusion of other plans, and 



