APPENDIX n. 343 



upper edge of the basket on that side nearest the wall, so that 

 the shoot may be easily turned in the required direction. Then 

 on that side of the trench nearest the wall, and in front of each 

 basket, is made a smaller trench, as is shown in the figure at D, 



3 inches deep and 10 inches long. In this the shoot is carefully 

 laid, and it is filled with earth mixed with vegetable mold up to 

 the level of the soil. The first trench is partly filled with the 

 earth which was taken from it, mixed with vegetable mold. 

 This operation is performed in such a manner that the trench is 

 left empty to the depth of 8 inches, that the layer is buried to 

 the depth of 10 inches, and that the top of the basket is covered 

 by a bed of earth 2 inches in thickness. The operation is con- 

 cluded by cutting off the shoot, as it leaves the earth just above 

 the bud E, or that which is nearest the ground. The sap being 

 thus concentrated upon a single bud, it attains a more vigorous 

 development, and that part of the shoot which is buried, puts 

 forth more roots, which pierce the bark with greater ease, in 

 proportion as the leaf-buds from which they spring are nearer 

 to the light. The end of the shoot above the earth is fixed 

 upon a stave or prop 39 inches in length, and the remainder of 

 the earth taken out of the trench is piled up on each side in the 

 form of a shelving bank. The result of this last arrangement is 

 to retain a greater degree of moisture in the neighborhood of 

 the newly-planted shoot during the summer. 



When the cultivator has no layers in baskets at his disposal, 

 and is obliged to content himself with uncovered layers or even 

 with cuttings, they should be planted in the same manner as 

 the basket layers, only care must be taken to place the earth 

 firmly around the cheveUes and especially around the cuttings, 

 and all that part which is under ground should be surrounded 

 with earth which has been considerably enriched. 



We will now proceed to describe the attentions demanded by 

 this plantation during the next summer. When the bud E is 

 developed, it is fixed upon the prop. As soon as it has attained 

 a length of 20 inches the top is cut off; next the premature 

 twigs which are thus developed are removed when they are 



4 inches in length. The result this operation is to increase 



