PROTOPARCE CELEUS 125 



they had long loops from the head to beyond the 

 middle of the wing-covers, like jug-handles. 



After this One or the Other of Us was on the watch 

 to see a pupa just out of the larva-skin, and observe 

 its development into the brown, firm pupa with the 

 "jug-handle" tongue-case. It was a long time before 

 success rewarded our vigilance, but at last One of Us, 

 who had prepared a box with only earth enough to ab- 

 sorb the fluid from the caterpillar without being deep 

 enough to cover it, saw a pupa wriggling out of the 

 larva-skin. At first it was a green, pulpy mass, with 

 the abdominal segments very soft and stretched out, 

 the eyes very prominent, and the head bent forward 

 over the thorax, while the tongue-case was double, 

 short, wide,' flat, and appressed. Very slowly the body 

 contracted into shape, the head drew back into line 

 with the body, and the tongue-case, now looking like 

 a single tube, " pulled " out like molasses candy, be- 

 coming more slender, with a bulbous tip, just as a bit 

 of molasses candy does when pulled. As the head 

 drew back and the body contracted, the tongue was 

 left in the air, except where its tip touched the wing- 

 covers, and its base was attached to the head. Still it 

 was not arched like the tongue-cases of the other 

 pupte, but sagged in the middle or just below it. In 

 time, however, as the membrane covering it grew 

 firmer, it rose into a fine curve and hardened, growing 

 brown as did the rest of the pupa. This process occu- 

 pied two hours, and even then the color was not the 

 deep chestnut-brown which it became later. The 

 wing-covers were drawn out to their full size in the 

 same way. 



