142 CATERPILLARS AND THEIR MOTHS 



Its favorite positions were vertical, on a stem or leaf, 

 as in the photograph, or hanging head downward on a 

 pendent leaf, with the anal props clasping the leaf- 

 stem. This latter is a position for feeding rather than 

 for resting. In another feeding-position the anal 

 props were on the twig, while the feet held the tip of a 

 leaf bent down to the crawler's mandibles, the abdomi- 

 nal props, or part of them, holding the lower part of 

 the midrib of the leaf. 



Drupiferarum fed for nine days and then went into 

 a tin with a little earth on the bottom to pupate. The 

 pupa was freed from the larva-skin on August 26, 

 forty-one days after the caterpillar left the egg. 



The pupa was two and a quarter inches long, not 

 stout, and of a deep purple-brown color. The abdomi- 

 nal segments were densely pitted; the wing-covers were 

 very rough ; the tongue-case was five sixteenths of an 

 inch long, very slightly bulbous at tip, and appressed 

 to the thorax for its whole length. The abdomen 

 ended in a triangular, pointed tip. It was not an ex- 

 citable pupa, though it would wriggle when held in a 

 warm hand. 



The moths are smoky black, gray, and brown, with 

 whitish bands, black dashes, and white spots on the 

 sides of the abdomen. They are much duller and 

 grayer than halmice, and larger. Their distinguishing 

 mark is the whitish space along the costa on the fore 

 wings. They fly after dark, and are powerful, swift 

 moths. They are found from Canada to Florida, and 

 in the West, but are common nowhere. Mr. Beuten- 

 miiller finds them double-brooded near New York, but 

 we think them single-brooded in New England. 



