CERATOMIA UNDULOSA 171 



pupse cast the larva-skin on the fourth day, and were 

 dark chestnut-brown, with no raised tongue-case. 



We have not found any larvae before August, but 

 the moths are double-brooded farther south. They 

 are not uncommon, and range from Canada to Georgia, 

 and from the Atlantic coast to Iowa. 



The caterpillars are often mistaken for chersis, one 

 entomologist telling us that he never could distinguish 

 them until they pupated. Then he knew of which 

 species they were, because chersis has a tongue-case 

 detached from the body, while undulosa's is level with 

 the wing-covers. 



The moths have brownish-gray wings with white 

 and black marks, and a distinct white discal dot on 

 each fore wing. The hind wings have three blackish 

 bands not very clearly defined. The abdomen has 

 large black spots on each side and a black dorsal line. 

 The coloring varies much with different specimens, 

 some having almost no brownish scales, others being 

 very much whiter than the typical undulosa. The 

 antennsB are simple in the female, but biciliate in the 

 male. 



The moths fly after dark and usually fly high, laying 

 their eggs on the leaves of upper branches, though oc- 

 casionally they may be found on saplings. The moths 

 fly about electric lights and have not as swift flight as 

 chersis or lineata. 



The caterpillars crawl down the trunks of the trees 

 to burrow in the ground for pupation, and often crawl 

 long distances before the impulse to burrow comes to 

 them. They are to be found on the sidewalks in the 

 autumn, or crawling along country roads, at any time 



