CITHERONIA REGALIS 277 



those below them on the sides, and very much larger 

 than those on the first segment. On the eleventh 

 segment was one moderately long horn on the dorsal 

 line and one on the subdorsal line. The anal segment 

 had two small horns on the anal plate and five above 

 it. The other segments had two short dorsal horns, 

 two shorter subdorsal ones, and, as had all the seg- 

 ments, a short substigmatal horn. These were yellow 

 at first, but grew black, having at times a reddish, 

 horny look. On each abdominal segment was a pair 

 of yellow oblique lines. On the sixth and seventh 

 segments were two oval light brown patches, one on 

 each side of the dorsal line. The legs and props were 

 black, the spiracles to be seen only with a lens. 



These caterpillars were unusually restless. They 

 drank eagerly and ate butternut and ash. They rested 

 curled, so that their heads nearly touched their eleventh 

 segments, and all the thoracic horns were bent forward 

 almost horizontally. They began eating near the edge 

 of the leaf and ate irregular holes across the surface, 

 leaving the midrib. They always crawled away from 

 their feeding-place to rest. 



On the fifth day they s]3un wel^s on the leaves or 

 tin, fastened their props to them, and molted two days 

 later. They had grown a little larger, and were of a 

 rich red-brown color, the thoracic segments and horns 

 being darker. All the horns were set with sharp 

 spines, and the long ones had no ball or knob at the 

 tip. They were lighter in color, branching, and had 

 dark tips. There were no dorsal yellow patches, but 

 on each side of the dorsal line were two black dashes. 

 The light obliques — which pointed forward, instead 



