DRYOCAMPA RUBICUNDA 289 



shining black spines on each. The legs were shining 

 black, the props green with a black spot on each. 



On the twelfth day after hatching they molted again. 

 This time the first segment had a shining black dorsal 

 plate, and the anal shield was edged with sharp black 

 spines; the tenth and eleventh segments were spread 

 out wider than any of the others at the substigmatal 

 edge. Otherwise they were not changed. A few had 

 umber-brown heads. 



On the twenty-first day after hatching they molted 

 for the third time. Their heads were all umber-brown, 

 and their bodies were striped black and yellow, the 

 venter being black. Their legs and abdominal props 

 were black, the anal props black and yellow. The long 

 horns on the second segment became filaments ; the 

 other spines were as before. The caterpillars varied, 

 some being distinctly black and yellow, others black 

 and pale green, others dark green and light green. The 

 black plate on the first segment was a single transverse 

 plate in some, two patches in others, four dots in others. 

 In some the venter was black, in others dark green, in 

 others pale olive-green. Some had a pinkish stripe on 

 the substigmatal line of the tenth and eleventh seg- 

 ments ; others had not. 



They fed for eleven days, and then surprised us by 

 not molting again, but lying quiet for pupation. They 

 were about two inches long. Five days later the pupae 

 appeared. From egg to pupa was thirty-seven days, 

 ending late in September. 



The caterpillars lived near each other, "socially," 

 through all their larval life, but were not close together 

 in rows after the second molt. We have often found 



19 



