ELEPHANT (eLEPHAS AFRICaNUS). 



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ELEPHANT (Elephas africanus). 



Characteristics. 

 The African has a more sloping and not so square a forehead as the Indian 

 elephant. The tusks grow to a greater size. He has only four toe-nails on the 

 forefoot, whereas the Indian has five. 



Native Names. 



Chinyanja ... Njobvu. Swahili Tembo. Ndovu. 



Chiyao Ndembo. Chisenga Njovu. 



Zulu (Ngoni) . . . Nkhlovu. Chibisa Nzovu. 



Chikunda Mzou. Chiwemba .... Zofu. 



Food. 



Msatsi (castor oil shrub). 



Chimanga (maize) and Maungu (pumpkins) from native plantations. 



Leaves of Kokamoli, Changu Ruma, and Mtondo (the small hill Mtondo, not 

 the big riverside tree of that name). 



Shoots of Ntsungwl (bamboo). 



Fruit of Matonga (Kaffir orange) and Masuku. 



Leaves of Namalenga, the only thorn tree we have noticed them eat the 

 leaves of. They pick the leaves off, but do not bite the twigs. 



Bast of Jombo, Mseza, and Mkuhuu. The latter is a thorny Iree, but 

 they strip the bark off the base where there are no thorns. 



Pods of Msekesi and Chitimbi. 



Shoots of Sasama (a spiky plant growing in dambos). 



Spoor. 



Considerably bigger than rhino or hippo and, unlike these, hardly show any toe- 

 marks except faintly the two front ones. 



When stampeding, these two toes show a deeper impression, especially in the 

 forefeet, and the dung gets broken and splashed in falling. 



The dung is very much bigger than rhino and hippo and cannot be mistaken 

 for either; it often contains seeds from the pods they have eaten, and undigested bark. 



When just dropped it is wet all over, and dries round the edges first, 

 leaving the top until last. 



