CiiAP. VI.] THE COFFEE BUG. 245 



sect makes its way from beneath the pellucid case ', all its 

 orofans havincj then attained their full size : the head is sub- 

 globular, with two rather prominent black eyes, and two 

 antennae, each with eleven joints, hairy throughout, and a 

 tuft of rather longer hairs at the apices; the legs are also 

 hairy, the wings are horizontal, of an obovate oblong shape, 

 membranous, and extending a little farther than the bristles of 

 the tail. They have only two nerves, neither of which reaches 

 so far as the tips ; one of them runs close to the costal margin, 

 and is much thicker than the other, which branches off from 

 its base and skirts along the inner margin ; behind the wings is 

 attached a pair of minute halteres of peculiar form. The pos- 

 session of wings woukl appear to be the cause why the ftdl- 

 grown male is more rarely seen on the coffee bushes than the 

 female. 



The female, like the male, attaches herself to the surface of 

 the plant, the place selected being usually the young shoots ; 

 but she is also to be met with on the margins of the undersides 

 of the leaves (on the upper surface neither the male nor female 

 ever attach themselves) ; but, unlike the male, which derives no 

 nourishment from the juices of the tree (the mouth being 

 obsolete in the perfect state), she punctures the cuticle with a 

 proboscis (a very short three-jointed proviuscis), springing as it 

 were from the breast, but capable of being greatly porrectcd, 

 and inserted in the cuticle of the plant, and through this she 

 abstracts her nutriment. In the early pupa state the female 

 is easily distinguishable from the male, by being more ellip- 

 tical and much more convex. As she increases in size the 

 skin distends and she becomes smooth and dry ; the rings of 

 the body become effaced; and losing entirely the form of an 

 insect, she presents, for some time, a yellowish pustidar shajje, 

 but ultimately assumes a roundish conical form, of a dark brown 

 colour.^ 



^ 'Mr. Westwooi), wlio obsen-ed ; Coccus infest common pl<ants about 



the operation in one species, states gardens, sncli as the Nerium Olcan- 



that they escape backwards, the der, riunieria Acuminata, anil 



wings being extended flatly over the ; others with milky juices: anotlier 



head. ' subgenus (Cerophistes?), the female 



- There are many other species of , of which produces a protecting waxy 



the Coccus tribe in Ceylon, some material, infests the Gendurassa 



(Pseiidococcus ?) never appearing as ' "S'ulgaris, the Furcrtea Gigantea, the 



a scale, the female wrapping herself ; Jak tree, Mango, and other coni- 



up in a white cottony exudation ; s mon trees, 

 many species nearly allied to the true 1 



R 3 



