46 PHARMACEUTICAL BACTERIOLOGY 



Miquel 1879, not Urococcus Kuetzing 1849; Pedioplana Wolff 1907; 

 Tetradiplococcus? Bartoszewicz and Schwarzwasser 1908; Solidococcus 

 Jensen 1909; Planomerista Vuillemin 1913. 



Facultative parasites or saprophytes. Cells in plates or irregular 

 masses (never in long chains or packets). Generally decolorize by Gram. 

 Growth on agar abundant, with formation of yellow pigment. Glucose 

 broth slightly acid, lactose broth generally neutral. Gelatin frequently 

 liquefied, but not rapidly. 



The type species is Micrococcus luteus (Schroeter) Cohn. 



6. Sarcina. Goodsir, 1842, emended Winslow and Rogers, 1905. 

 Synonyms: Urosarcina Miquel 1879; Planosarcina Migula 1849; Lac- 

 tosarcina Beijerinck 1908; Sporosarcina? Jensen 1909. 



i Sarcina differs from Micrococcus solely in fact that cell division 

 occurs under avorable conditions in three planes, forming regular 

 packets. 



The type species is Sarcina ventriculi Goodsir. 



7. Rhodococcus. Fliigge, 1891, emended Winslow and Rogers, 1906. 

 Synonyms: Not Rhodococcus Molisch 1907. 



Saprophytes. Cells in groups or regaar packets. Generally de- 

 colorize by Gram. Growth on agar abundant with formation of red 

 pigment. Glucose broth lightly acid, lactose broth neutral. Gelatin 

 rarely liquefied. Nitrates generally reduced to nitrites. 



VI Family BACTERIACE^ Cohn, 1872, emended. Rod-shaped 

 cells without endospores. Gram-negative. Flagella when present peri- 

 trichic. Metabolism complex, amino-acids being utilized, and generally 

 carbohydrates. 



1. Bacterium. Ehrenberg, 1838, emended Jensen, 1909. Synonyms: 

 Actinobacter Duclaux 1882 in part; Klebsiella Trevisan 1885 in part; 

 G iscrobacterium Malerba and Sanna Salaris 1888; Aerobacter Beijerinck 

 1900; Salmonella Lignieres 1900; Denitrobacterium Jensen 1909. 



Notik or non-motile rods, staining evenly. Easily cultivable. Ani- 

 mal pathogens or saprophytes. Often chromogenic. Many forms ac- 

 tively decompose carbohydrates. 



The type species is Bacterium coli Escherich. 



2. Erwinia. Nov. gen. Plant pathogens, Growth usually whitish, 

 often slimy. Indol generally not produced. Acid usually formed in 

 certain carbohydrate media, but as a rule no gas. 



3. Pasteur el a. Trevisan, 1887. Synonyms: Octopsis? Treviean, 

 1885; Coccobacillus Gamaleia 1888, not CoccobacillusLeube 1885. 



Short rods, single or rarely in chains, usually showing distinct polar 

 staining. Non-motile. Gram-negative. Without spores. Aerobic and 

 facultative. Powers of carbohydrate fermentation slight; no gas produced. 



