404 PHARMACEUTICAL BACTERIOLOGY 



(a) Cocoas and chocolates. Method of manufacture. 



(6) Cocoa shells. 



(c) "Soluble cocoas." 



(d) Cocoa butter. 



(e) Adulterants of cocoa and chocolates. 



XVI. Food Products, Animal and Vegetable. Samples may be secured from private 

 homes, grocers and canneries. They are to be examined as to identity, quality 

 and purity and the findings recorded on special report cards. In the examination 

 of these substances the polarizes, the micrometer scale, the Thoma-Zeiss hemacy- 

 tometer (Turck ruling) and other necessary apparatus are used. The Lager- 

 heim sublimation tests for benzoic acid and salicylic acid and the Curcuma thread 

 test for boric acid and the starch paper test for sulphurous acid are used. 



1. Canned meats. Canned fish. Anchovy pastes, etc. Examine for mold and 

 bacterial contamination and the presence of preservatives. 



2. Sausage meats. Examine for starches and starch fillers, preservatives and added 

 coloring substances. 



3. Jams and jellies. Examine as to identity, use of green fruit, fruit refuse, preser- 

 vatives, yeast, bacteria, mold. Presence of agar or other fillers. 



4. Catsups and tomato pastes. Examine for preservatives, mold, bacteria and 

 yeast cells, tomato refuse, starch, etc. 



5. Preserved and pickled fruits. Examine for bacteria and yeast, for sulphurous 

 acid (bleached fruits) and for preservatives. (Leaks and swells). 



XVII. Candies. Qualities and Grades. They are to be examined for various 

 fillers (starch, flour, gums, etc.), nature of coating, coloring matter, impurities, etc. 



XVIII. Vegetable Drugs, Crude and Powdered. Compound Powders, Pills, Tablets, 

 Extracts. Examine as to quality and purity, ash content (including test for acid 

 insoluble ash), fineness of powders, organoleptics tests, etc. 



1. Powdered vegetable drugs. 



2. Compound powders. Dusting powders. Face powders. 



3. Cattle powders. 



4. Poultry powders. 



5. Extracts, solid and fluid. 



6. Medicinal teas. 



7. Pills. 



8. Tablets. 



9. Crude drugs. Pressed herbs. 



10. Patent and proprietary preparations of an organic nature. 



11. Calomel, charcoal, mercury, sulphur. 



12. Pastes, plasters, ointments. 



13. Snuffs, cigarettes, tobaccos. 



14. Unknowns. 



The sequence of the several operations of the complete analysis of a sample of pow- 

 dered vegetable drug may be given as follows: 



1. Noting the condition of the seals of the sample or package. Breaking the seals. 



2. Thoroughly mixing the sample. Selecting an average sample. 



3. Organoleptic testing (consistency or feel, color, odor, taste). 



4. Determining the fineness by means of a suitable nest of sieves. 



5. Preliminary examination of the average sample and of the samples upon the dif- 

 ferent sieves, using pocket lens, tweezers, etc. Organoleptic testing of individual 

 fragments, etc. 



