CONTENTS. 



PAGE. 



CHAPTER I. GENERAL INTRODUCTION. i 



Introduction of bacteriology into colleges of pharmacy. Relationship of 

 pharmaceutical and medical bacteriology. Reasons why pharmacists should 

 study bacteriology. 



CHAPTER II. HISTORICAL 5 



Introduction. From Hippocrates (300 B. C.) to Leeuwenhoek (1656), the 

 earliest ideas regarding infections, epidemics and spontaneous generation. From 

 Leeuwenhoek (1656) to Schwann (1837), the discovery of micro-organisms and 

 the earliest observations regarding their activities. From Schwann (1837) to 

 Pasteur (1862), the earlier investigations pertaining to the relationship of micro- 

 organisms to fermentation and to disease. From Pasteur (1862) to Behring 

 (1890), period of remarkable activity in bacteriological pathology, listerism, 

 antiseptic surgery, etc. From Behring (1890) to Wright (1907), discovery of 

 serum therapy, bacterial vaccines and development of utilitarian bacteriology. 



CHAPTER III. GENERAL MORPHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF BACTERIA .... 21 

 Classification of microbes. General morphology. General physiology. 



CHAPTER IV. RANGE AND DISTRIBUTION OF BACTERIA 33 



Bacteria of earth, air and water. Bacteria found in animals, in plants, on non- 

 living objects, etc. Altitudinal range. Latitudinal range. 



CHAPTER V. BACTERIOLOGICAL TECHNIC 36 



Cleaning glassware. Plugging containers with cotton. Filling test-tubes with 

 culture media. Preparation of culture media. Sterilization of culture media. 

 Neutralization of culture media. Making bacterial cultures. Making bacterial 

 counts. Preparing bacterial stains. Examining bacteria. 



CHAPTER VI. BACTERIA IN THE INDUSTRIES 93 



The function of bacteria in agriculture. Bacteria in milk and in the dairying 

 industry. Bacterial pest exterminators. Bacteria in the tanning industry. 

 Rotting bacteria. Cider making. 



CHAPTER VII. IMMUNITY, BACTERIAL ACTIVITIES AND BACTERIAL PRODUCTS 114 

 Immunity, natural and acquired. Race, age and sex immunity. Anaphylaxis. 

 Phagocytosis. Ehrlich's side-chain theory. Toxins and antitoxins. Agglutin- 

 ins. Precipitins. Lysins. Opsonins and the opsonic index. 



CHAPTER VIII. THE MANUFACTURE AND USE OF SERA AND VACCINES . . . 125 

 Antidiphtheric serum. Other sera. Bacterial vaccines (bacterins). Concen- 

 trated diphtheria antitoxin. Manufacture of bacterial vaccines. Tuberculins. 

 Small-pox vaccine. Rabies vaccine. 



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