128 PHARMACEUTICAL BACTERIOLOGY. 



B. Antibacterial Sera or Bactericidal Sera. 



Antistreptococcic serum. 

 Canine distemper serum. 

 White scour serum. 



C. Bacterins. 



Anthrax. 



Mallein. 



Tuberculin. 



Blackleg. 



Blacklegine. 



Blacklegules (pill form). 



Blacklegoids (pill form). 



Hog cholera. 



Fowl cholera. 



White scour. 



Texas fever. 



The above substances resemble each other in that they are organic and 

 of complex chemical composition. They gradually deteriorate and finally 

 become worthless, some sooner than others. Even the comparatively per- 

 manent kinds will not retain their full properties more than a few months, 

 though they may still be sufficiently active therapeutically after eighteen 

 months or even longer. They should be kept in a cool dry place, away from 

 light. Turbidity in those preparations, which are clear when freshly pre- 

 pared, indicates that decomposition changes have set in and that they are 

 unfit for use. Many of the bacterins are normally turbid and nearly all of 

 them have some slight color and odor. 



Thus far only a few of the substances above tabulated have proven 

 entirely satisfactory in the treatment of the particular disease or diseases 

 for which they were intended. This is but to be expected since their use is 

 very largely based upon theory. Theory and practice have ever failed to 

 develop along exactly parallel lines. Science is however fortunate in being 

 able to assert that in the antidiphtheric serum we have practically a specific 

 for the cure of diphtheria, provided it is used in time and given in sufficiently 

 large and sufficiently frequent doses. The anti tetanic serum has given 

 excellent results particularly as a preventive, as has also the antistreptococcic 

 serum. Of the bacterins the Staphylococcus has given excellent results in 

 the cure of actual pathologic conditions. Some of the others have proven 

 less satisfactory and in many cases their great usefulness lies in their prevent- 

 ive rather than curative powers. The tuberculins, in particular, give promise 

 of great usefulness in the eradication of the dread white plague. 



We will explain very briefly the manufacture of & few of these substances 

 only, as the methods are quite closely similar for like agents. The following 



