CH. LV.] DEFECTS OF SPEECH 763 



3. Can he write from dictation? If he cannot, either the auditory or visual 

 word-centre, or the fibres passing from the one to the other, are injured. 



4. Does he understand printed matter, and can he point out printed letters and 

 words? Can he read to himself? (The patient, of course, not being blind.) This 

 tests the visual word-centre. 



5. Can he copy written words ? This tests the channels from the visual word- 

 centre to the motor-centres for movements of the hand in writing. 



6. Can he read aloud, or, what is the same thing, name objects he sees ? This 

 is the opposite to writing from dictation, and tests the healthiness of the word-centres 

 or the fibres which connect the visual to the auditory word-centre. 



