CONTENTS. 11 



CHAPTER VIII. 



CIRCULATION OF THE BLOOD IN THE VEINS. 



Physiological anatomy of the veins Strength of the coats of the veins Valves 

 of the veins Course of the blood in the veins Pressure of blood in the 

 veins Rapidity of the venous circulation Causes of the venous circulation 

 Influence of muscular contraction Air in the veins Function of the valves 

 Venous anastomoses Conditions which impede the venous circulation Re- 

 gurgitant venous pulse, Page 301 



CHAPTER IX. 



PECULIARITIES OF THE CIRCULATION IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE SYSTEM. 



Circulation in the cranial cavity Circulation in erectile tissues Derivative circu- 

 lation Pulmonary circulation General rapidity of the circulation Time re- 

 quired for the passage through the heart of all the blood in the organism 

 Relations of the general rapidity of the circulation to the frequency of the 

 heart's action Phenomena in the circulatory system after death, . . 332 



CHAPTER X. 



RESPIRATION. 



General considerations Physiological anatomy of the respiratory organs Respi- 

 ratory movements of the larynx Epiglottis Trachea and bronchial tubes 

 Parenchyma of the lungs Carbonaceous matter in the lungs Movements of 

 respiration Inspiration Muscles of inspiration Action of the diaphragm 

 Action of the scaleni Intercostal muscles Levatores costarum Auxiliary 

 muscles of inspiration, 353 



CHAPTER XI. 



MOVEMENTS OF EXPIRATION. 



Influence of the elasticity of the pulmonary structure and walls of the chest 

 Muscles of expiration Internal intercostals Infra-costales Triangularis ster- 

 ni Action of the abdominal muscles in expiration Types of respiration 

 Abdominal type Inferior costal type Superior costal type Frequency of the 

 respiratory movements Relations of inspiration and expiration to each other 

 The respiratory sounds Coughing Sneezing Sighing Yawning Laugh- 

 ing Sobbing Hiccough Capacity of the lungs and the quantity of air 

 changed in the respiratory acts Residual air Reserve air Tidal, or breathing 

 air Coinplemental air Extreme breathing capacity Relations in volume of 

 the expired to the inspired air Diffusion of air in the lungs, . . . 382 



