APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY 



CHAPTER I 

 LIVING BODIES AND CELLS 



1. What physiology is. The world is composed of 

 living bodies and lifeless matter. In living bodies there 

 is a constant change, in which particles become lifeless 

 and are thrown off, while, at the same time, a process of 

 creation is going on by which lifeless matter is given life. 

 This constant destruction and renewal of the particles of 

 the body constitutes life. 



The science which tells of the structure of living bodies 

 is Anatomy ; that which tells of their working is Physi- 

 ology ; and that which tells how to keep living bodies in 

 good working order is Hygiene. The term physiology 

 often includes anatomy and hygiene. 



Some processes in man's physiology were discovered 

 only by studying the lower animals ; and others, by 

 observing plants. In fact, it is by studying the work- 

 ings of lower forms of life that most of our knowledge 

 of the working of man's organism has been gained. The 

 physiological processes in plants and animals throw light 

 on the physiology of man because man embodies in his 

 complex system, the same general processes as the lower 



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