GLOSSARY 443 



Germs (Lat. germen, a bud), a name loosely applied to bacteria. 



Giz'zard, the muscular organ in a fowl's abdomen which grinds food to 

 pieces and acts in place of teeth. 



Gland (Lat. glans, an acorn), a collection of microscopic tubes which 

 form a watery substance within the body. 



Glu'cose (Gr. glukus, sweet), a form of sugar found in the grape, and 

 produced artificially by the action of sulphuric acid on starch ; it is 

 also produced in the body by the action of the digestive fluids upon 

 starch and sugar. 



Glu'ten (Lat. gluten, glue), the albumin of grain. 



Gly-co-chol'ic acid (Gr. glukus, sweet, and chole, bile), one of the prin- 

 cipal waste substances in the bile. 



Gly' co-gen (Gr. glukus, sweet, and genein, to generate), a form of 

 sugar to which digested sugar and starch is turned by the liver. 



Gout (gawf) (Lat. gutta, a drop), a swelling of a joint, especially of the 

 great toe, caused by a disturbance of digestion and oxidation. It 

 was formerly supposed to be due to a fluid or humor which flowed 

 down in drops from the upper parts of the body. 



Grippe (grip} (Fr. grippe, influenza), a kind of fever which occurs in 

 epidemics. It is caused by the growth of a germ in the body. 



Hash'eesh, the gum of a kind of hemp. It produces an excited and 

 dreamy state of mind. 



Ha-ver'si-an canals, the minute tunnels in bone through which the 

 arteries run. They were discovered by Havers, an English physi- 

 cian, who lived in the seventeenth century. 



Hem-o-glo'bin (Gk. haima, blood, and Lat. globus, a ball), the coloring 

 matter of the red blood cells. 



Hem-o-phiri-a (Gr. haima, blood, and philein, to love), a state of the 

 blood in which it will not clot. 



Hem'or-rhage (Gr. haima, blood, and rhegnunai, to break), a flow of 

 blood from a blood tube. 



Hi-ber-na'tion (Lat. hibernus, wintry), passing the winter in a torpid 

 state, as frogs and snakes do. 



Hu'mer-us (Lat. humerus), the long bone in the upper part of the arm. 



Hu'mors (Lat. humor, moisture), substances which were formerly sup- 

 posed to circulate in the blood and to cause disease. 



Hy-dro-chlor'ic acid, a compound of hydrogen and chlorine, commonly 

 called muriatic acid. It is a violent poison. 



