5U APPENDIX. 



have been sparingly fed upon amylaceous food for some days 

 before they were killed). Since, on the other hand, Bidder and 

 Schmidt have made the observation in the case of a sheep having 

 a fistula in the abomasum, that only a small quantity of starch 

 was found in its fourth stomach, we must necessarily regard the 

 metastatic force of the pancreatic juice as somewhat limited. (I 

 am bound to observe, that the presence of starch is always 

 recorded in my journal in reference to my various examinations of 

 the contents of the stomachs of ruminating animals.) 



The action of the pancreatic juice does not, moreover, appear 

 to extend very far into the intestine. According to Bidder and 

 Schmidt, it seems wholly to disappear in the upper half of the 

 intestinal canal; at all events the contents of the intestine are 

 unable beyond that point to develope butyric acid from butter, 

 which is a property of this juice. 



Colin has already specially noticed the fact, that the amount of 

 the secretion does not stand in a direct relation to the volume of 

 the pancreas, and hence we should be cautious in drawing any con- 

 clusion as to the functions of this gland from the volume of the 

 pancreas in different animals ; besides, the volume of this gland is so 

 different in different animals living on the same kind of food, that 

 nothing either for or against any view can be deduced from the size of 

 the pancreas : formerly it was generally assumed that the pancreas 

 was on an average by far more voluminous in the herbivora than in 

 the carnivora, but in the rabbit, for instance, the weight of this 

 gland amounts to 1-GOOth part of the bodily weight. Bidder and 

 Schmidt, who made the latter observation, assign to the carnivora 

 the more voluminous pancreas, but this again is not strictly true, 

 for while in cats, for instance, the weight of this gland amounts to 

 l-300th part of their bodily weight, in the beaver it amounts to 

 l-30th. (E. H. Weber). 



(17) Addition to p. 121, line 12. [The following are the most 

 important facts which Lehmann has added to the section on the 

 Intestinal Juice ; they are derived from Bidder and Schmidt's work, 

 and from Zander's Thesis. G. E. D.] 



Fresh, pure intestinal juice has hitherto been only examined by 

 Bidder and Schmidt,* and (under their superintendence) by 

 Zander :f it is a colourless, ropy, viscid fluid, which is invariably 

 alkaline ; the alkalinity, however, varies in different animals, and in 



* Verdammgssafte und Stoffwechsel. S. 260-282. 

 t Diss. inaug. Dorp. Livon. 1850. 



