ADDITIONS AND NOTES TO VOL. II. 551 



the constituents of the blood to the permeability of the walls of the 

 blood-vessels and urinary canals will still have to be taken into 

 consideration. 



(56) Addition to p. 446, line 20. Winter found that three 

 youths discharged respectively the average quantities of 1672, 1702, 

 and 1933 c. c. of urine in 24 hours, the extremes being 910 and 

 3340 c. c. 



Scherer found that a child; aged three years and a half, dis- 

 charged 755 grammes ; a boy, aged seven years, 1077 grammes ; 

 a man, aged twenty-two years, 2156 grammes ; and a man, aged 

 thirty-eight years, 1764 grammes in 24 hours. 



Now if we reduce these and certain other determinations to the 

 weight of the body as a standard, it follows from Winter's experi- 

 ments, that a man for every kilogramme's weight discharges an 

 average quantity of 25*9 grammes of urine (the maximum being 

 46*8, and the minimum 14*0 grammes). According to Scherer, a 

 child for every kilogramme's weight discharges 47*4 grammes, 

 while the corresponding quantity in an adult is only 29*5 grammes ; 

 further (according to Schmidt)* a cat during an abundant flesh-diet 

 (108*755 grammes of fatty meat) discharges in 24 hours 91 '036 

 grammes of urine for every kilogramme of its weight ; on a less 

 abundant flesh-diet (44*118 grammes of meat) 53'350 grammes of 

 urine; on 75*938 grammes of meat 71*570 grammes of urine; and 

 on 46*154 grammes of meat (without any drink) 26*454 grammes 

 of urine ; a kitten which consumed daily 83*769 grammes of meat, 

 discharged 60*455 grammes of urine. 



(57) Addition to 448, line 12 According to Scherer'sf deter- 

 minations, a child, aged three years and a half, excreted in 24 hours 

 26'13 grammes of solid matter with the urine ; a boy, aged seven 

 years, 32*40 grammes ; a man aged twenty-two years 47 '97 

 grammes; a man aged thirty-eight years 71*23 grammes; and 

 an insane patient, aged fifty years, who was starving himself, 23*69 

 grammes. 



It is obviously to be expected, that the quantities of solid con- 

 stituents which are separated by the kidneys should be very variable. 

 Thus it is manifest, that whenever the metamorphosis of matter is 

 more active than usual, and after the expenditure of bodily force, 

 or an abundant supply of food (especially nitrogenous matters), 



* Verdauungssafte und Stoffwechsel. S. 304. 



t Verhandl. d. phys.-med. Ges. zu Wurzburg. Bd. 3, S. 280-290. 



