SPHAEROSTILBE COCCOPHILA. 27 



Mask, in Australia. In 1900, P. H. Rolfs 42 reported that Mytilaspis citri- 

 cola Pack., Mytilaspis gloverii Pack., and Parlatoria pergandii Comst. were 

 all attacked by this fungus in Florida. The same year F. B.~ iBafle 43 found 

 it common on Aspidiotus ob scums Comst. on water oaks in Alabama. It 

 also occurs naturally in Georgia, and has been found as far north as Phila- 

 delphia, Pa. In 1901, Fuller 44 reported finding the same fungus in Natal, 

 South Africa. In 1903, H. A. Gossard 45 first reported its occurrence on Al- 

 eyrodes citri. In 1903, F. S. Earle 46 found it in Porto Rico, and in 1904 47 

 in Cuba ; in both places on Mytilaspis citricola. In 1904, S. I. Kuwana 48 

 reported the fungus as present upon Aspidiotus peruiciosus Comst. and on 

 Diaspis pcntagona Targ. in Japan. He spoke of finding it on the last- 

 named insect in the mountain districts. In 1906, it was reported by J. 

 Parkin 49 as occurring upon Mytilaspis citricola Pack, and Aspidiotus aur- 

 autii Mask, in Ceylon. In 1908, it was reported by C. W. Howard 50 from 

 the Transvaal. It has also been found by E. W. Berger on Aspidiotus 

 hcdcrac (Vail) and Aspidiotus ancylus Putnam, in Florida. 



Both the conidial and ascus stage of this fungus (Plate VI, Figs. 36, 

 37, 38) are found commonly in Florida, although the latter is not at all 

 common in other parts of the world. In Ceylon, the perithecia have not 

 been found by Parkin ; and one would infer, from the name Microcera, 

 which is used by D. McAlpine, that the perfect stage is not common in 

 Australia. 



RELATION OF S. COCCOPHILA TO THE} SAN JOSE AND OTHER SCAI^E INSECTS. 



The use of this fungus as a practical remedy in combating the San Jose 

 scale was first brought out by P. H. Rolfs in 1897, in Bulletin 41 of the 

 Florida Experiment Station. This fungus was discovered by him upon the 

 San Jose scale in northern Florida during the previous year. By means of 

 pure cultures and infection experiments, Rolfs demonstrated that the San 

 Jose scale could be readily infected with spores of this fungus grown upon 

 sterilized bread or other media. The results of these experiments are given 

 in the bulletin referred to. 



This fungus was also discovered to be a common parasite of the obscure 

 scale, Aspidiotus obscurus Comst., on the twigs of water oaks (Quercus 

 aquatica). A simple method of infection has been developed in Florida by 

 one of the peach-growers, Mr. F. P. Henderson, by tying into the top of 



42 Proc. Fla. Sta. Hort. Soc.. p. 63, 1900. 



43 Ala. Exp. Sta. Bui. 106, p. 198, 1900. 



4 " First Rept. of Govt. Entomologist, Dept. of Agr., Natal, p. 99, 1901. 



43 Fla. Exp. Sta. Bui. 67, p. 623, 1903. 



* Annual Rept. Office of Exp. Sta., Washington, D. C., p. 457, 1903. 



4T Primer Informe Annual de la Estacion Central Agronomica de Cuba (1904-05), 



p. 162, 1906. 



48 Japan Imperial Agr. Exp. Sta. Rept., p. 26, 1904. 

 10 Annals Roy. Bot. Card., Peradeniya. Vol. Ill, Part I, p. 50. 

 50 Dept. of Agr., Transvaal, Agr. Journal, p. 6, 1908. 



