136 Gait of tJie American Trotter and Pacer 



the breakover at toe of near hind seems to be easier because of its 

 swelled and shorter heels, and its extension may therefore have been 

 easier also ; and hence its position ahead of the off hind. 



It should not be assumed that the mere increase of 2 oz. on right 

 fore brings about this greater extension ; but it should be borne in mind 

 that this right fore paddled a good deal ; that is, it swung outwardly 

 when leaving ground and was apt to toe in when landing. The in- 

 crease of weight simply gave it a better direction and steadiness. Of 

 course, paring the foot by lowering inside toe had a good deal to do 

 with such direction ; but if it had not been for the influence of left 

 hind leg with its greater extension that increase of weight on right 

 fore would not have shown up so markedly in greater extension. 



In this matter of direction it may be here inserted that the bars 

 of the Memphis shoe, by proper tilting, can be made to accomplish 



oli recfions of -fig. 96 . 

 extension reduced one half. 



good results in directing the angle of lateral extension, that is, the angle 

 which the foot describes with reference to the median line when a line 

 is drawn or imagined to pass through the middle of frog and point of 

 toe. In other words, the toeing in or toeing out can be modified by 

 such bars. It will be noticed that bars in Fig. 96 are tilted to the right. 

 It was found that this condition aggravated the peculiar directions of 

 the fore feet. While in this case the left naturally toed out and the 

 right fore naturally toed in, these bars made matters worse, as will be 

 seen in Fig. 102, giving the averages of directions and distances with 

 reference to the median line. Here the left fore toes out abnormally 

 (11.4) and the right fore has its own way about toeing in (1). It 

 will be noticed that the minus sign here indicates the opposite direction 

 to that which the right fore should point naturally, namely to the 

 outside. 



