184 THE GAME BIEDS AND WILD FOWL 



Family CHAKADRinXE. Genus PHALABOPUS. 



Subfamily PHALA.HOP1NA). 



RED-NECKED PHALAROPE. 



PHALAEOPUS HYPEKBOKEUS (Linnaius) . 

 PLATE XXV. 



Tringa hyperborea, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 249 (176G). 



Lobipes hyperboreus (Linn.), Macgill. Brit. B. iv. p. 291 (1852). 



Phalaropus hyperboreus (Linn.), Dresser, B. Eur. vii. p. 597, pis. 537, 539, fig. 2 

 (1874) ; Yarrell, Brit. B. ed. 4, iii. p. 315 (1883) ; Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 89 

 (1885) ; Dixon, Nests and Eggs Brit. B. p. 276 (1893) ; Seebohm, Col. Fig. Eggs 

 Brit. B. p. 131, pi. 38 (1896) ; Sharpe, Handb. B. Gt. Brit. iii. p. 197 (1896) ; 

 Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xxiv. p. 698 (1896). 



Geographical distribution. British : The Red-necked Phalarope is 

 now only known to breed in a few favoured spots in the Shetlaiids, the Orkneys, 

 and the Outer Hebrides (North and South Uist, Benbecula, etc.) It formerly 

 bred in Sutherlandshire, Inverness-shire, and Perthshire. To the mainland of 

 Scotland and England, and other island localities, it is now only known as 

 a rare visitor on migration, chiefly in autumn. It is rare on the eastern coast of 

 Scotland, and perhaps most frequent in Norfolk. It has been observed once in 

 Ireland in November, 1891. Foreign : Circumpolar region above the limits of 

 forest growth ; Oriental and Southern Palaearctic and Nearctic regions in winter. 

 It is a summer visitor to Southern Greenland, the Faroes, Iceland, Northern 

 Scandinavia, and to the tundras of the Dovrefjeld in lat. 62, Nova Zembla, and 

 eastwards across Siberia as far north as land extends, but rarely south of the 

 Arctic circle, except in the far east, where Middendorff observed it breeding on 

 the west coast of the Sea of Okhotsk as far south as lat. 55 ; whilst Stejneger 

 records it as one of the commonest breeding summer birds on Behring Island, off 

 the east coast of Kamtschatka. South of these limits in the Old World it is 

 a winter visitor to the coasts of Europe, becoming rare in the Mediterranean 

 basin ; being absent altogether, apparently, from North-east Africa, Asia Minor, and 

 Palestine. It passes across Asia on most of the known internal routes of migra- 

 tion, and winters in Persia, on the Mekran coast, and, perhaps, less frequently 

 in Northern India. It is also known on the Japanese coasts on migration, and 

 winters in China and the Malay Archipelago southwards to New Guinea. The 

 New World individuals pass south to winter in the United States, Mexico, and 

 Central America, and occasionally wander as far to the east as the Bermudas. 



