131 AliOl'lION. 



approached so near me in the way described that I could 

 readily have killed her with my foot. The male acts in a 

 similar manner as the female, but his actions do not 

 indicate the same admixture of timidity and courage, in- 

 asmuch as he never comes so near as she does. When, 

 however, the fowler proceeds on his way, the male bird 

 follows for a long distance, running and ilying in the 

 while from spot to spot, with the endeavour to lure the 

 man from its young family, which it does not rejoin until 

 the enemy is so far distant that no further peril is to 

 be apprehended." 



M. Wilhclm von Wright testifies to the like effect : " In 

 few birds is the parental feeling so strong as in the Dal- 

 Ripa. If one approaches the poults, the old birds run 

 with depressed wings and outspread tail so close to one's 

 legs that they may readily be killed with a stick ; but 

 when they imagine the chicks have had time to conceal 

 themselves, they gradually retire, though still with the 

 intention of enticing one from the spot where their progeny 

 is harboured. So long, however, as their young are in 

 jeopardy they never take wing, and thus place their own 

 lives in the greatest possible danger. In common with 

 other birds, the parents show greater regard for their 

 offspring whilst small than at any other period, for as the 

 young increase in age the parental affection sensibly 

 diminishes. During the summer the family keep to- 

 gether, both male and female r\ in<'in- etpial attachment 

 to their progeny." 



M. I'.arth mentions a trait regarding the ])al-Kipa 

 which is not devoid of interest: " A< tin- young of 

 these birds whilst of a tender age are often exposed to 

 losing their parents, nature, in order to prevent them 

 from perishing, has implanted a reciprocal instinct of 

 preservation between the se\ eral families, the parents 

 of which take diarire of tin- nr>therle-s poults that seek 



