96 Gbe <3arfcen 



pride in giving them their own names (by which 

 they run a great while in Rome), as in memory 

 of some great service or pleasure they had done 

 their country, so that not only laws and battles, 

 but several sorts of apples or mala, and of 

 pears, were called Manlian and Claudian, Pom- 

 peian and Tiberian, and by several other such 

 noble names. 



Thus the fruits of Rome, in about a hun- 

 dred years, came from countries as far as their 

 conquests had reached; and, like learning, 

 architecture, painting, and statuary, made their 

 great advances in Italy about the Augustan age. 

 What was of most request in their common 

 gardens in Virgil's time, or at least in his 

 youth, may be conjectured by the description 

 of his old Cory cian's gardens in the fourth of 

 the Georgics, which begins : 



Namque sub CEbalifS memini turribus altis. 



Among flowers, the roses had the first place, 

 especially a kind which bore twice a year, and 

 none other sorts are here mentioned besides the 

 narcissus, though the violet and the lily were 

 very common, and the next in esteem, espe- 

 cially the breve lilium, which was the tube- 

 rose. The plants he mentioned are the apium, 

 which though commonly interpreted parsley, 

 yet comprehends all sorts of smallage, where- 



