XVI] GLOSSINA PALLIDIPES 271 



REFERENCES. 



Austen, E. (1911). Handbook of the Tsetse-Flies. 



Bagshawe, A. G. (1909). Sleeping Sickness Bulletin, vol. i. p. 89. 



(An excellent summary of all previous observations on G. palpalis, 



together with original notes and suggestions.) 

 Carpenter, G. D. H. (1912). Rep. S. S. Comm. Roy. Soc. p. 79. 

 Dutton and Todd (1906). Memoir XVIII. Liv. School Trop. Med. 

 Kleine (1909). Deutsche Med. Wochenschr. 1909, p. 1956. 

 Minchin, E. A. (1905). Proc. Roy. Soc. vol. LXXVI. p. 531. 

 Newstead, R. (1912). Bull. Entom. Research, vol. in. p. 355. 

 Roubaud, E. (1909). La Glossina palpalis. These de Doctorate es Sci. 



Nat. Paris. 



(1911). Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. 1911, p. 406. 



Simpson, J. J. (1911). Bull. Entom. Research, vol. n. p. 187. 



Glossina pallidipes Austen, 1903. 



Description. This species seems to be the eastern form 

 of G. longipalpis which it resembles in most of its features. 

 It may be distinguished from the other members of its group 

 by the pale colour of the last two joints of the front and middle 

 tarsi. It is a medium-sized or rather large species, the length 

 of the female varying from 975 to 11*25 mm - an d of the male 

 from 8*5 to 10^4 mm. 



Distribution. G. pallidipes is essentially an East African 

 species and has been recorded from Zululand in the south to 

 Uganda and British East Africa in the north. It is possible 

 that its range has become more restricted in modern times for 

 it is probable that it used to occur in the Transvaal, but dis- 

 appeared after the rinderpest. 



Bionomics. G. pallidipes resembles morsitans in its habits, 

 but according to Neave is not so completely independent of 

 water. In British East Africa it is especially abundant in 

 certain belts along the coast, but also occurs inland, whilst in 

 Portuguese East Africa it is found at higher altitudes than 

 morsitans, going up to as much as 5000 feet. Generally speak- 

 ing the fly seems to require a moderate degree of humidity, 

 but is more or less independent of cover. 



The late Dr W. A. Densham, as recorded by Austen, found 

 the flies near and in a narrow belt of true forest at Kibero, 



