ROSACEAE 77 



at base, coarsely serrate, petiolulate ; flowers in long terete spikes ; 

 stamens much exserted. 

 CANADIAN SANGUISOBBA. Burnet. 

 Stem 2 to 3 or 4 feet high, terete, striate, fistular, sparingly branched. Leaflets 



2 to 3 or 4 inches long, smooth ; common petioles dilated at base into a clasping 

 membrane, supporting auricular serrated stipules. Flowers greenish-white or 

 ochroleucous, sessile, crowded in ovoid or finally cylindric-oblong spikes, which are 



3 to 6 inches in length, 



Hub. Low meadows; margins of swamps: frequent. Fl. Aug. Fr. Octo. 



118. GEMtfM, L. 



[Gr. geuo, to relish, or taste well; the roots being rather aromatic.] 

 Calyx concave, 5-cleft, usually with a bractlet at each cleft. Petals 

 5. Stamens numerous. Akenes numerous, in a head ; styles long, 

 persistent, tailed, and, after flowering, hooked at summit. Peren- 

 nial herbs : leaves pseudo-pinnate or lyrate. 



1. Gr. Virginianum, L. Radical leaves trifoliolate or pseudo- 

 pinnate; calyx-segments reflexed; petals white or pale yellow; 

 styles glabrous; stigmas subclavate, hairy at base. 



VIRGINIAN GEUM. White Avens. Herb Bennet (i. e. herbe benite). 



Stem 2 to 3 feet high, paniculately branched at summit, more or less hairy. 

 Leaflets 2 or 3 inches long, ovate or rhomboid ; common petioles 4 to 6 or 8 inches 

 in length. Lower stem-leaves mostly trifoliolate : upper lednes simple, lanceolate, 

 incised-serrate. Carpel-s bristly ; styles finally divaricate, or reflexed ; stigmas ar- 

 ticulated to the styles, when the flower expands, the stigmas and styles become 

 curved or contorted at the articulation, and the stigmas soon fall off, leaving the 

 points of the styles hooked. 

 Hah. Borders of woods; thickets, &c.: frequent. Fl. June. -FV.Sept 



2. Gr. rivsile, L. Radical leaves interruptedly pseudo-pinnate, 

 the terminal lobe large; calyx-segments erect; petals purplish- 

 orange color; styles hairy; stigmas filiform, plumose. 



RIVER GEUM. Water Avens. Purple Avens. 



Stem about 2 feet high, nearly simple, rather retrorsely pilose. Principal leaflets 

 3 to 5 (often only the terminal one) ; lateral ones obovate ; terminal one 2 or 3 

 inches long, and wider than long ; common petioles 6 to 9 inches in length. Car- 

 pels hirsute ; styles slender, dark purple ; stigmas much longer than in the preced- 

 ing species, plumosely hairy, except near the apex. 

 Hob. Wet meadows ; Downingtown : rare. Fl. May. Fr. Aug. 



119. POTE1VTII/L.A, L. 



[Latin, diminutive of potens, powerful ; alluding to reputed virtues.] 

 Calyx 5-cleft, with a bract at each sinus, and thus appearing 10- 

 cleft. Petals 4 or 5. Stamens numerous. Akenes many, in a head 

 on the dry hairy receptacle. Mostly herbs: leaves compound; 

 flowers mostly yellow, solitary or cymose. 



1. P. Norvegica, L. Hirsute; stem erect, forked above; leaves ter- 

 nate; leaflets obovate-oblong, incised-serrate. 

 NORWEGIAN POTENTILLA. 



Annual. Stem 1 to 2 feet high. Leaves all trifoliolate: leafletsl to 3 inches long, 

 subsessile; common petioles 1 to 4 inches long; stipules large. Flowers often num- 



