80 DIALYPETALOUS EXOGENS 



white cottony tomentum beneath. Carpels incurved at apex, clothed with a very 



fine short velvety pubescence. 



Hob. Gardens, &c. Nat. of Europe. Fl. May. Fr. July. 



Obs. The fruit of this is much admired; and the plant, in conse- 

 quence, extensively cultivated. Many superior varieties (and per- 

 haps hybrids) have been produced by scientific cultivators, among 

 whom Doctor BRINCKLE", of Philadelphia, is one of the most distin- 

 guished and successful. 



4. R. OCCidentalis, L. Stem smooth and glaucous, armed 

 with prickles; leaflets lance-ovate; fruit dark purple or nearly 

 black. 



WESTERN RUBUS. Wild, or Black Raspberry. Thimble-berry. 



Stem 5 to 8 or 10 feet long, sparingly branched, limber and often arching over so 

 that the summit comes to the ground and takes root, mostly purplish, and 

 pruinose or covered with a fine bluish-white powder. Leaflets mostly in threes, 2 

 to 4 inches long, often subcordate at base, smoothish above, clothed with a dense 

 glaucous tomentum beneath. Corymbs mostly terminal on the young branches. 

 Hab. Fence-rows ; borders of woods, &c.: frequent. Fl. May. Fr. July. 



Obs. The fruit of this species is smaller and less esteemed than 

 that of the two preceding ; but is nevertheless sweet and agreeable. 



g 2. FRUIT moid or oblong, persistent on the juicy receptacle (BLACKBERRY, and 

 DEWBERRY) : leaves pedately 3- b-foliolate. 



f Stem erect, armed with stout prickles. 



5. R. VilloSUS, Ait. Stem angular; young branches and racemes 

 glandular- villous; leaflets ovate and lance-oval; racemes many- 

 flowered. 



VILLOUS RUBUS. Blackberry. Common Brier. Bramble. 



Stem 3 to 6 or 8 feet high, stout, ridged or obtusely angular, branching. Leaflets 

 7. 2 to '3 or 4 inches long. Racemes rather large, sometimes leafy. Fruit ovoid- 

 ' .-. oblong or cylindric, sometimes near an inch long, changing from green to red or 

 purplish, and finally black. 

 Hob. Old fields; thickets, &c.: common. Fl. May. Fr. July. 



Obs. Every one knows the common Brier. The root, both of this 



and the R. Canadensis, being moderately astringent, is a popular 



remedy for diarrhoea. The nipe fruit affords a pleasant jam, which 



is also considered salutary, in bowel complaints. Even the knots 



\ which are formed on the branches, from the puncture of insects, 



:-'.^ were formerly carried, by credulous simpletons, as a sort of amulet, 



.''.' or charm against the toothe-ache ! The plant, nevertheless, is often 



v . "something of a nuisance on our farms, from its tendency to spread, 



and take possession of neglected fields. 



,"' <>. It. Clineif olillS, Pursh. Stem sub-terete; branches pubes- 



. ^. cent; leaflets cuneate-obovate, sub-plicate, tomentose beneath ; ra- 



' cemes few-flowered. 



''':? WEDGE-LEAVED RUBUS. Sand Blackberry. 



"* Stem 2 to 3 feet high, branched. Leaflets mostly ternate, 1 to 2 inches long, 

 cnneate, and obtuse with a short abrupt acumination; common petioles half an 



: inch to an inch and half in length. Flowers sometimes tinged with red. Fruit 



. ' oval, about half an inch long, black when mature, succulent and well-flavored. 



V . Hob. Dry hills; E. Nantmeal, Kennett: rare. FL May. Fr. July. 







