UMBKLLIFERAE 99 



SUBORDER I. ORTHOSPER'MAE. 



Inner face, (commissure) of the carpels straight and flat. 



g 1. UMBELS simple or imperfect, sometimes proliferous. 



149. IIYDROCOT'YLJE, Tournef. 



[Or. Hydor, water, and kotyle, a cavity ; the leaves being sometimes a little concave.] 

 Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit laterally compressed, orbicular; carpels 

 5-ribbed, the lateral or intermediate ribs enlarged, often forming 

 a thickened margin ; vittae none. Smooth creeping marsh perennials : 

 flowers minute, white. 



1. 11. Americana, L. Leaves thin, orbicular, obscurely 7- or 

 9-lobed, doubly crenate; umbels 3- to 6-flowered, subsessile. 

 AMERICAN HYDROCOTYLE. Marsh Pennywort. 



Stem 6 to 12 inches long, procumbent, very slender, flexuose, with filiform run- 

 ners from the axils of the leaves. Leaves an inch or inch and half in diameter, 

 rather wider than long; petioles 1 to 2 inches in length, resembling the stem; 

 umbels opposite the petioles. 



Hob. Moist shaded places : frequent. Fl. July. J*V. Sept. 

 2. H. ranunculoides, L. Leaves thickish, roundish-reni- 

 form, somewhat 5-lobed, crenate ; umbels 5- to 10-flowered, pedun- 

 culate. 

 RANUNCULUS-LIKE HYDROCOTYLE. 



Stem 4 to 8 or 10 inches long, creeping and throwing out verticils of long fibre*. 

 Leaves about % of an inch long and nearly an inch wide, 3-lobed, with the lateral 

 segmen ts partially 2-lobed; petioles 1 or 2 to 6, and sometimes 10 or 12, inches 

 long. Pedicels of the flowers short; common peduncles 1 to 2 inches in length. 

 Hob. Wet places; along Schuylkill ; E. Nottingham: rare. Fl. July. Fr. Sept. 



Obs. H. umbelldta, L. will probably be found along the Schuyl- 

 kill, within this County : but, so far as I know, it has not yet been 

 detected. 

 2. UMBELS or UMBELLETS capitate, imperfect : calyx-lobes large ; flowers often sterile. 



150. SAJVIC'VIjA, Tournef. 

 [Latin, sanare, to heal ; from its supposed virtues.] 



Flowers polygamous: Calyx-teeth conspicuous. Fruit globular; 

 carpels not ribbed, cohering, densely beset with hooked bristles; 

 each carpel with 5 vittae. Erect perennials : leaves palmate-lobed, 

 radical ones on long petioles ; involucre and involucels few-leaved. 



1. S. CanadnsiS, L. Leaves 3- 5-parted; sterile flowers few, 

 on short pedicels ; styles shorter than the bristles of the fruit. 



See S. Marilandica. Fl. Cestr. ed. 2. p. 184. 

 CANADIAN SANICULA. Sanicle. 



Stem about 1 foot high. Radical leaves somewhat pentagonal in their outline; 

 segments 1 to 2 inches long, obliquely ovate, often cuneate at base, sessile, generally 

 glaucous ; petioles 3 to 5 inches in length : stem-leaves mostly 3-parted, upper ones 

 subsessile. Flowers white ; fruits about 3 in each umbellet. 

 Jfalj. Dry woodlands : frequent. Fl. June. Fr. August. 



2. S. Marilandica, L. Leaves 5- 7-parted ; sterile flowers 

 numerous, on slender longish pedicels ; styles elongated, recurved. 

 MARYLAND SANICULA. 



Stem about 2 feet high. Radical leaves 3- or 5-parted to the base, with the lateral 

 igments deeply 2-parted ; segments 2 or 3 to 5 inches long, lance-oblong or cuneate- 



