

RUBIACEAE 117 



ROUGHISH GALIUM. 



Stem flaccid, 2 or 3 feet long (often 4 to 6 feet, when supported on bushes), very 

 rough and adhesive. leaves half an inch to 3 quarters in length, sometimes 4, 

 mostly 6, and 5, in a verticil. Flowering branches divaricate ; peduncles in pairs, 

 or threes, very slender, rather short. 

 ffab. Swampy thickets; along rivulets : frequent Fl. July. Fr. Sept. 



3. J. trifidum, L. Stem ascending, smooth or slightly acule- 

 ate; leaves linear-oblanceolate, obtuse; corolla often trifid; fruit 

 smooth. 



Also, G. tinctorium, L. $ Fl Cestr. ed. 2. p. 100. 

 THREE-CLEFT GALICM. Ladies Bed-straw. 



Stem 1 to 2 or 3 feet long, slender, branched. Leaves half an inch to an inch 

 long, in verticils of 5, or 6, often in fours on the branches. Peduncles mostly in 

 threes, axillary or subterminal, slender, spreading. 

 Hub. Low grounds, and thickets : frequent. Fl. June. Fr. Aug. 



Obs. The G. tinctorium, L. is now regarded as nothing more than 

 a variety of this. The roots of these were formerly employed, by 

 the Aborigines, for dyeing porcupine quills, and other savage orna- 

 ments, of a red color. 



4. G. tri lift I'll in, MX. Stem reclining or prostrate, somewhat 

 aculeate; leaves elliptic-lanceolate, cuspidate; peduncles elonga- 

 ted, mostly 3-flowered ; fruit uncinately hispid. 

 THREE-FLOWERED GALIUM. 



Stem 2 to 3 or 4 feet long, flaccid, with a few short diverging branches. Leaves 

 half an inch to an inch long, somewhat membranaceous, narrowed at base, mar- 

 gins ciliate. Flowers greenish. Fruit small, clothed with white hooked hairs. 

 Hob. Woodlands, and moist shaded grounds : frequent. Fl. July. Fr. Sept. 



f f Verticils <l-leaved. * Flowers mostly reddishrbrown ; fruit uncinately hispid. 



>. Cr. piltfSUIll, Ait. Stem nearly erect and simple, hirsute; 

 leaves oval, hairy, pellucid-punctate, obscurely 3-nerved; pedun- 

 cles elongated, dichotomous, the branches often 3-flowered; flowers 

 pedicellate. 

 HAIRY GALIUM. 



Stem 1 to 2 feet high, often several from the same root, hirsute on the angles. 

 Leaves about an inch long, and half an inch wide, obtuse, hairy and ciliate. 

 Hab. Dry, sterile banks, and thickets: frequent. Fl. June. Fr. Aug. 



6. r. Circ&ezans, MX. Stem erect, smoothish; leaves oval or 

 lance-ovate, rather obtuse, distinctly 3-nerved; peduncles divari- 

 cate ; flowers alternate, subsessile ; fruit nodding. 

 CIRCAEA-LIKE GALIUM. Wild Liquorice. 



Stem 12 to 18 inches high, often branched near the base, slightly pubescent on 

 the angles. Leaves an inch to an inch and half long, and half an inch to 3 quar- 

 ters wide, the lower ones often roundish-obovate. Peduncles nearly simple, finally 

 geniculatc. Corolla pale purple, or purplish-white. 

 Hab. Rich woodlands : frequent FL June. Fr. Aug. 



Obs. This species is easily recognized by the sweet Liquorice-like 

 taste of the leaves. There seems to be a variety of it of large* 

 growth, and almost as hairy as G. pilosum. 



