COMPOSITAE 141 



Stem 4 to 6 or 8 feet high, striate, branching. Radical and lower leaves 4 to 8 or 

 10 inches long, deeply pinnatifid, segments about 5, oval-lanceolate, incised-serrate 

 or laciuiate, the terminal one trifid ; petioles 2 to 4 or 5 inches in length ; upper 

 leaves trifid or entire, subsessile. Heads of flowers rather large, corymbose-pani- 

 culate ; rays 1 to 2 inches long. Chaff of the receptacle cuneate-oblong, concave 

 and keeled, obtuse, tomentose at summit. 

 Hob. Moist, low grounds; thickets, &c.: frequent. Fl. July. Fr. Sept. 



f f Disk broadly conical, or hemispherical) dark purple. 



2. R. fiilgida, Ait. Stem hairy ; radical leaves ovate, petiolate, 

 stem-leaves spatulate-oblong and lanceolate, sessile and somewhat 

 clasping; disk hemispherical. 



SHINING RUDBECKIA. 



Stem about 2 feet high, rather slender, virgately branched, or sometimes simple. 

 Leaves 2 to 4 inches long, sparingly denticulate, the radical ones on petioles 1 to 2 

 inches in length. Heads of flowers rather small, solitary on the long peduncle- 

 like branches. Chaff of the receptacle spatulate-linear, abruptly acute, nearly 

 smooth. 

 Hob. Old fields; borders of thickets, Ac. : frequent. FL Aug. Fr. Sept. 



3. R. llirta, L. Hirsute ; lower leaves spatulate, petiolate, up- 

 per ones ovate-lanceolate, sessile; disk conical. 

 ROUGH-HAIRED RLDBECKIA. 



Perennial f Stem 18 inches to 3 or 4 feet high, rather stout, often simple, or 

 branched near the base. Leaves 2 to 3 or 4 inches long. the radical ones on hirsute 

 peMoles 1 to 2 inches in length. Heads of flowers middle-sized, on long stoutish 

 atriate-sulcate naked peduncles. Chaff of the receptacle sublinear, rather acute, 

 hairy and ciliate at summit. 

 Hab. Fence-rows, and thickets : not common. Fl. July. Fr. Sept. 



2O3. IIEMAIV'THtJS, L. 



[Or. Helios, the sun, and anthos, a flower; from its radiate flowers.] 

 Heads many-flowered, sometimes very broad ; ray-florets numerous, 

 neutral. Involucral scales in 3 or more series, imbricated, folia- 

 ceous, subsquarrose. Akenes 4-sided, laterally compressed, not 

 vringed, embraced by the folded persistent chaff of the usually flat 

 receptacle ; pappus mostly 2 (sometimes several) unequal chaff-like 

 deciduous awns, or acute scales. Chiefly perennials : heads corym- 

 bose, or solitary ; rays yellow. 



f Leaves chiefly opposite, 3-nerved. 



1. II. divaricatus, L. Leaves sessile, lance-ovate, rounded or 

 truncate at base, tapering to the apex, more or less serrate, thick- 

 ish and rough. 



DIVARICATE HELIANTHUS. 



Stem 2 to 4 or 5 feet high, slender, smoothish, di- or tri-chotomously branched 

 above, often nearly simple. Leaves 3 to 5 or 6 inches long, all opposite and divari- 

 cate. Heads of flowers small, and few (often 3, the middle one dichotomal) ; rayt 

 8 to 10 or 12, yellow, with orange veins, about % of an inch long. Akenes striate ; 

 pappus subulate-chaffy, ciliate. 

 Hob. Borders of woods, and thickets: frequent. Fl. July. Fr. Sept.. 



2. H. decap6talus, L. Leaves ovate-oblong, acuminate, re- 



