142 GAMOPETALOUS EXOGENS 



motely but sharply and sometimes coarsely serrate, contracted at 



base to a cuneate margined petiole, thinnish, green and sparsely 



hairy on both sides. 



H. frondosus. Hook. $ Fl. Cestr. ed. 2. p. 493, 



TEN-PETALED HELIANTHUS. 



Stem 3 to 5 feet high, rather slender, somewhat angular, smooth below, with al- 

 ternate axillary sc ahrous branches at summit. Leaves 3 to 6 inches long ; petioles 

 half an inch to near 2 inches in length. Heads of flowers rather small ; rays 8 or 

 10, pale sulphur-yellow, about an inch in length. Akenes compressed, obovate- 

 oblong. 

 Hab. Along the Brandywine : frequent. Fl. August. FT. October. 



3. H. st i uiiiosus, L. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, on short peti- 

 oles, more or less serrate with small appressed teeth, scabrous 

 above, softly pubescent and whitish beneath. 

 H. mollis. Willd. $ Floral. Cestr. p. 92. not of Lam, 

 H. decapetalus. Fl. Cestr. ed. 2. p. 483. not of L. 

 SCROFULOUS HELIANTHUS. 



Stem 2 to 4 feet high, rather slender, roughish-pubescent and somewhat branch- 

 ed at summit. Leaves 3 to 6 or 8 inches long, abruptly contracted at base to a 

 petiole 1 third to 3 fourths of an inch in length. Heads of flowers middle-sized ; 

 rays about 10, yellow, with orange veins, an inch to an inch and a half in length. 

 Akenes sub-compressed, obovate, variegated, hairy at summit ; pappus of subulate- 

 lanceolate chaffy scales about as long as the akene, and 2 or 3 additional smaller 

 ones which are ovate, acute, and lacerately fringed. 

 Hab. Borders of woods, and thickets : frequent. Fl. Aug. Fr. Octo. 



f f Leaves chiefly alternate, and penninerved. 



4 II. srigaiiteus, L. Leaves lanceolate, acute at each end, 

 more or less serrate, thick and rough -hairy, subsessile. 

 GIGANTIC HELIANTHUS. Wild Sunflower. 



Stem 5 to 8 feet high, rather stout, terete, more or less hirsute and scabrous, co- 

 rymbose-paniculate at summit. Leaves 2 or 3 to 6 inches long, narrowed almost to 

 a petiole at base ; the narrow portion ciliate, the lower leaves often opposite. 

 Heads of flowers rather large ; rays 12 to 20, yellow, with orange veins, about an 

 inch in length. Akenes cuneate-oblong ; pappus of 2 lance-subulate finely lacerate 

 chaffy scales. 

 Hab. Borders of Thickets : frequent. Fl. Aug. Fr. Octo. 



f f t Leaves alternate, 3-nerved. 



5. H. TUBERO N SUS, L. Root tuberiferous, perennial ; stem branching ; 



leaves subcordate and ovate, serrate-dentate, scabrous, on ciliate 



petioles. 



TUBEROUS HELIANTHUS. Jerusalem Artichoke. 



Stem 4 to 6 or 8 feet high, stout, terete, branching, hirsute and scabrous. Leaves 

 4 to 6 or 8 inches long, abrubtly contracted at base to a narrow cuneately-tapering 

 margined petiole 1 to 2 or 3 inches in length, the lower leaves subcordate, and often 

 opposite (rarely ternate). Heads of flowers rather large ; rays about an inch long. 

 Akenes as in the preceding. 

 Hab. Gardens, and lots. Nat. of Brazil. Fl. Aug. Fr. Octo. 



Obs. This is often cultivated for its fleshy tubers, which are 

 used for pickles. It is nearly naturalized in some places. 



