CUPULIFERAB 269 



12. Q. falcsfcta, MX. Leaves lobed toward the apex, the lobes 

 elongated, and the lateral ones more or less falcate, the under 

 surface clothed with a short greyish-tawny pubescence; cupule 

 shallow ; acorn roundish-ovoid. 



FALCATE QUERCUS. Spanish-Oak. 



Stem 50 to 80 feet high, the young branches often tawny-pubescent. Leaves 4 

 to 8 or 9 inches long, obtuse at base, with 2 or 3 distant and mostly falcate lobes 

 on each side, those on small trees, or young branches, often dilated and 3-lobed 

 at apex ; petioles about an inch in length, densely pubescent when the young 

 branches are. Cupule on a short peduncle. 

 Hob. Woods, on the North Valley hill : very rare. 



Obs. Although abundant in Delaware, and Maryland, this species 

 was not detected, in our County, until the present season (1852), 

 when specimens were brought to me, from the above named locality, 

 by my friend JOSHUA HOOPES whose vigilant and quick-discerning 

 eyes, few such natural objects, within the circuit of Ms walks, are 

 permitted to escape. The bark of this, which is the true Spanish 

 Oak, is believed to be the best of the genus, for the purpose of tan- 

 ning hides. 



* * Cupule flat at base, sJiattow and saucer-shaped. 



13. <J. rftbra, L. Leaves pale beneath, sinuate-lobed, the sin- 

 uses rather shallow ; acorn oblong-ovoid, rather large. 



RED QUERCUS. Red Oak. 



Stem, 60 to 90 feet high. Leaves 5 to 8 or 9 inches long, and 3 to 6 inches wide, 

 oblong or obovate, with short incised-dentate lobes (usually 3 principal lobes, and 

 2 or 3 smaller ones, on each side) ; petioles 1 to 2 inches in length. Cupule with 

 the scales so compact as to present a smoothish, or nearly even, outer surface ; 

 acorn a little turgid, or plump, about an inch long. 

 Hob. Hilly woodlands : frequent. 



Obs. Justice to myself, and to the truths of Natural History as 

 well as to Mr. EMERSON, author of the admirable Report on the 

 Forest trees and Shrubs of Massachusetts requires that I should 

 here rectify a misapprehension under which I labored, when com- 

 piling the little work entitled Agricultural Botany. I had always 

 understood (of course, from others having no personal knowledge 

 of the subject,) that the bark of this species was in high repute with 

 the Tanners, and so stated : But, on a more careful and particular 

 inquiry of intelligent practical men, in that business, I learn that 

 it is regarded as being much inferior in value to the bark of Q. 

 cocdnea, and am now satisfied that Mr. EMERSON is substantially 

 correct in the statement, that it is "almost worthless for the use 

 of the Tanner." The timber of this tree is also of inferior value. 



14. Q. paltistris, Du Roi. Leaves smooth and green on both 

 sides, deeply sinuate-pinnatifid, with broad rounded sinuses and 

 divaricate lobes ; acorn subglobose, small. 

 MARSH QUERCUS. Pin-Oak. Water-Oak. 



Stem 40 to 60 or 70 feet high ; branches numerous, rather slender, horizontal or 

 drooping, often nearly covered with diseased knobs. Leaves 4 to 6 inches long, usual- 

 ly with 3 narrow divaricate lobes on each side; petioles 1 to 2 inches in length. 



