354 ENDOGENOUS PLANTS 



Culms 2 to 3 feet high, leafy to the top (including the very long foliaceous 

 bracts'). Leaves much longer than the culm, broad and flat, with loose striate 

 sheaths. Stam. spikelet 1 to 2 inches long, with a lance-linear bract longer than 

 itself, and sometimes with a smaller sessile spikelet at its base; peduncle. 1 to 2 

 inches in length. Pistillate spikelets usually 3 or 4, an inch to an inch and a half 

 long, and % of an inch in diameter, nearly cylindric. 

 Hob. Swamps, and miry places : frequent. Fl. June. Fr. Aug. 



10. Perigynia much inflated, obconic with an abrupt long beak; 

 spikelets androgynous, staminate at base, often solitary. 



3 1 ?. C. Squarri>sa, L. Spikelets solitary and terminal (some- 

 times 2, rarely 3), oval, or ovoid-oblong, densely flowered, rigidly 

 erect; perigynia turbinate, acuminate, finally horizontal, longer 

 than the lance-oblong acute scale. 

 SQUARROSE CAREX. 



Culms about 2 feet high, rather slender, leafy. Leaves lance-linear, nerved, 3 or 

 4 of the upper ones surpassing the culm. Spikelet about an inch long, and half 

 an inch in diameter, very obtuse or rounded at summit, slender at base, where 

 the staminate florets are ; when more than one spikelet, the additional ones are 

 smaller, erect, and axillary on short peduncles near the summit. 

 Hob. Moist, low grounds: frequent. Fl. May. JV.July. 



Obs. This pretty and rather remarkable species, was at one time 

 so rare, in European collections, that many applications were made 

 to Dr. MUHLENBERG for specimens, which, he not being able to 

 furnish, led to the conclusion, with some, that no such plant existed. 

 It is, however, quite abundant in some localities in this County. 



11. Perigynia much inflated, with a tapering beak; staminate spikelets 2 or 3. 



38. C. Montle, Tuckerman. Staminate spikelets mostly 3 ; pistil- 

 late, 2 or 3 (rarely solitary), long-cylindrical, loosely flowered, 

 distant, the lowest pedunculate and often nodding; perigynia 

 ovoid, acuminate, longer than the narrow-lanceolate scale. 

 NECK-LACE CAREX. 



Culms 1% to 2 feet high, rather slender, leafy. Leaves surpassing the culm. 

 Stam. spikelets usually 3, the upper one about 2 inches long, the two lower about 

 an inch in length, all on a common peduncle 1 to 3 inches long. Pistillate spike- 

 lets 1% to 3 inches long, bright straw color, the upper one often staminate at 

 summit. 

 Hob. Wet grounds; Brandy wine; New Garden : not common. Fl. May. Fr. July. 



Obs. Collected by Mr. JOSHUA HOOPES, in 1838; and again by 

 Dr. E. MICHENER, in 1850. 



ORDER CXVIII. GRAMIN'EAE. 



TRUE GRASSES: chiefly herbaceous; often cespitose; rhizomas slender, creeping, 

 ramifying, with filiform radicles ; culms terete, nodose and leafy, mostly hollow 

 between the nodes; leaves entire, with parallel nerves, distichously alternate, 

 apparently sessile, the petioles being dilated, and sheathing the culm, but slit on 

 the side opposite the lamina, or blade, down to their origin at the nodes (i. e. their 

 margins are not united, as in the Cyperaceae) ; stipules axillary, adnate to the 

 petiole, with the scarious summit often free, and known as the ligule; flowers 

 perfect, polygamous, or monoicous (rarely dioicous), in little spikelets at the ends 



